Palmitoylethanolamide

• Palmitoylethanolamide(PEA), alpha e kentsoeng ke peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-�) ligand e sebetsang ka liketso tse khahlanong le ho ruruha, analgesic, le neuroprotective, bakeng sa phekolo ea neuro-inflammatory, haholo-holo e amanang le bohloko bo sa foleng, glaucoma le retinopathy ea lefu la tsoekere.
  • Mokhoa (s) oa ts'ebetso ea PEA e kenyelletsa litlamorao tsa eona ho receptor ea nyutlelie PPARα (Gabrielsson et al., 2016).
  • E boetse e kenyelletsa mast cell,cannabinoid moamoheli mofuta oa 2 (CB2) -joaloka li-cannabinoid receptors, li-channel tsa ATP-sensitive potassium, li-channel tse nang le bokhoni ba nakoana (TRP), le nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB).
  • E ka ama pontšo ea endocannabinoid ka ho sebetsa e le substrate ea tlhōlisano bakeng sa endocannabinoid homologue anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine).
• Tlhokomelo ea pele e bile ka 1943 ke Coburn et al.e le karolo ea thuto ea mafu a seoa e neng e shebane le feberu ea ramatiki ea bongoaneng, eo ketsahalo ea eona e neng e phahame ho bana bao ba jang lijo tse fokolang mahe.
  • Bafuputsi bana ba hlokometse hore ketsahalo e fokotsehile ho bana ba feptjoang phofo ea yolk ea lehe, mme kamora moo ba bonts'a thepa ea anti-anaphylactic ho likolobe tse nang le mokelikeli oa lipid ho tsoa ho yolk ea lehe.
• 1957 Kuehl Jr. le basebetsi-'moho ba tlaleha hore ba atlehile ho arola ntho e khahlanong le ho ruruha ho tloha linaoang tsa soya.Ba ile ba arola motsoako ona hape le karoloana ea phospholipid ea lehe la mahe le lijong tsa peanut tse ntšitsoeng ka hexane.
  • Hydrolysis ea PEA e ile ea fella ka palmitic acid le ethanolamine 'me kahoo motsoako o ile oa tsejoa e leN-(2-hydroxyethyl) - palmitamide (Kepple Hesselink et al., 2013).

 

Phallo Chart of Semi-synthesize Palmitoylethanolamide

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mass Spectra (ESI-MS: m/z 300(M+H+) le Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) ea PEA

 

 

Saense ea Lijo le Phepo DOI 10.1002/fsn3.392

Tšireletso ea micronized palmitoylethanolamide (microPEA): khaello ea chefo le bokhoni ba genotoxic.

 

• Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ke mafura a mafura a tlhaho a amide a fumanehang lijong tse fapa-fapaneng, tseo qalong li neng li tsejoa ka har'a yolk ea lehe.
• MicroPEA ea boholo bo hlalositsoeng ba likaroloana (0.5-10μm) e ile ea hlahlojoa bakeng sa mutagenicity inSalmonella typhimurium,bakeng sa clastogenicity/aneuploidy ho li-lymphocyte tsa batho tse hōlileng, le bakeng sa chefo e matla le e sa foleng ea litoeba ho rat, ho latela melaoana e tloaelehileng ea tlhahlobo ea OECD, ho latela Mokhoa o Molemo oa Laboratory (GLP).
• PEA ha ea ka ea hlahisa liphetoho tekong ea baktheria e sebelisa mefuta ea TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, le TA102, e nang le ts'ebetso ea metabolic kapa ntle le eona, ebang ke mekhoa ea ho kenyelletsa poleiti kapa mekhoa ea ho kenya metsi.Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, PEA ha ea ka ea hlahisa litlamorao tsa genotoxic liseleng tsa motho tse tšoaroang 3 kapa 24 h ntle le ts'ebetso ea metabolic, kapa bakeng sa 3 h ka ts'ebetso ea metabolic.
• PEA e fumanoe e na le LD50 e kholo ho feta tekanyo e lekanyelitsoeng ea 2000 mg / kg boima ba 'mele (bw), ho sebelisa OECD Acute Oral Up and Down Procedure.Litekanyetso tsa matsatsi a 90 tsa thuto ea chefo ea molomo oa likhoto li ne li ipapisitse le liphetho tsa thuto ea pele ea matsatsi a 14, ke hore, 250, 500, le 1000 mg/kg bw/letsatsi.
• Boemo ba No Effect Level (NOEL) lithutong tse peli tsa subchronic e ne e le tekanyo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e lekiloeng.

Br. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Oct;82(4):932-42.

Palmitoylethanolamide bakeng sa phekolo ea bohloko: pharmacokinetics, polokeho le katleho

• Liteko tsa kliniki tse leshome le metso e tšeletseng, litlaleho tsa linyeoe tse tšeletseng / lithuto tsa lifofane le tlhahlobo ea meta-analgesic ea PEA e le analgesic li hatisitsoe libukeng.
  • Bakeng sa linako tsa kalafo ho fihlela matsatsing a 49, data ea hajoale ea kliniki e hanyetsana le litlamorao tse mpe tsa lithethefatsi (ADRs) maemong a

 

• Bakeng sa kalafo e nkang matsatsi a fetang 60, palo ea bakuli ha ea lekana ho laola khafetsa ea li-ADR tse ka tlase ho 1/100.
• Liteko tse tšeletseng tse hatisitsoeng tsa kliniki li na le boleng bo fapaneng.Phatlalatso ea data ntle le tlhahisoleseling mabapi le phatlalatso ea data le ho se tlalehe data ka linako tse ling ntle le tekanyo ea ho qetela e ne e le tse ling tsa lintlha tse ileng tsa tsejoa.
• Ho feta moo, ha ho na lipapiso tsa kliniki tsa hlooho-ho-hlooho tsa li-unmicronized vs. micronized formulations tsa PEA, kahoo bopaki ba hore motsoako o mong o phahametse o mong o haella hajoale.
• Leha ho le joalo, lintlha tse fumanehang tsa kliniki li tšehetsa khang ea hore PEA e na le liketso tsa ho kokobetsa bohloko 'me e khothalletsa boithuto bo eketsehileng ba motsoako ona, haholo-holo mabapi le ho bapisa hlooho ho ea ho lihlooho tsa li-unmicronized vs. micronized formulations tsa PEA le ho bapisa le phekolo e khothalletsoang hona joale.

Bopaki ba bongaka

• E khethehilengLijo Bakeng sa Merero ea Bongaka, hoKalafoof E sa foleng Bohloko
• Micronized palmitoylethanolamide e fokotsamatšoaoof bohloko ba neuropathicka lefu la tsoekere bakuli
• Palmitoylethanolamide, a Neutraceutical, in methapo khatello Syndromes: katleho le polokeho in bohloko ba sciatic le kotopo ea carpal lefu la tsoekere
• Palmitoylethanolamide in Fibromyalgia: Liphetho ho tloha E lebelloang le Retrospective Boikemisetso Lithuto
• Ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide: e sebetsang hantlepheko e thusangbakeng salefu la Parkinson

lefu.

• E sa foleng pelvic bohloko, boleng of bophelo le thobalano bophelo bo botle of basadi phekoloa ka palmitoylethanolamide le α-lipoic acid
• Randomized tleleniki teko: the ho kokobetsa bohloko thepa of dijo tlatsetsoe nang le palmitoylethanolamide le polydatin homala a hlabang lefu la tsoekere.
• Co-ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide/Luteolin in the Kalafo of Bokooa ba kelello Ischemia: ho tloha Khoto to

Motho

• Palmitoylethanolamide, a Tlhaho Retinoprotectant: Ea eona Potlako Kamano bakeng sa the Kalafoof Glaucomale lefu la tsoekere Retinopathy
• N-palmitoylethanolamine le N-acetylethanolamine ba e sebetsang hantle in asteatotic eczema: liphetho of boithuto bo sa reroang, bo sa boneng habeli, bo laoloang ho 60 bakuli

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ngaka ea Mahlaba. 2016 Hlakola;19(2):11-24.

Palmitoylethanolamide, Lijo tse Khethehileng bakeng sa Merero ea Bongaka, Phekolong ea Bohloko bo sa Feleng: Tlhahlobo e Kopantsoeng ea Data Meta.

 

• TSELA: Bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha bo fana ka maikutlo a hore neuroinflammation, e khetholloang ka ho kenella ha lisele tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung, ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa mast le lisele tsa glial, le tlhahiso ea bahlaseli ba ho ruruha tsamaisong ea methapo ea kutlo le e bohareng, e na le karolo ea bohlokoa ho kenya le ho boloka boemo bo sa foleng. bohloko.Liphuputso tsena li tšehetsa khopolo ea hore menyetla e mecha ea phekolo bakeng sa bohloko bo sa foleng e ka 'na ea thehoa ho bahlaseli ba khahlanong le ho ruruha le ba pro-resolving ba sebetsang ka lisele tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung, haholo-holo lisele tsa mast le glia, ho fokotsa kapa ho felisa neuroinflammation.

Har'a li-anti-inflammatory le pro-resolving lipid mediators, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) e tlalehiloe ho theola-modulate mast cell activation le ho laola boitšoaro ba lisele tsa glial.

• SEPHEO:Sepheo sa thuto ena e ne e le ho etsa tlhahlobo ea meta e kopantsoeng ho hlahloba katleho le tšireletseho ea micronized le ultra-micronizedpalmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ka bohloko bo matla ho bakuli ba nang le bohloko bo sa foleng le / kapa ba neuropathic.
• THUTOTLHALOSO:Tlhahlobo ea data e kopantsoeng e kenyelletsang liteko tsa bongaka tse sa boneng habeli, tse laoloang, le tse bulehileng.
• MEKHOA:Liteko tsa kliniki tse foufetseng habeli, tse laoloang, le tse bulehileng li ile tsa khethoa ho buisana le li-database tsa PubMed, Google Scholar, le Cochrane, le lits'ebetso tsa likopano tsa neuroscience.Mantsoe a bohloko bo sa foleng, bohloko ba neuropathic, le PEA ea micronized le ultra-micronized e ile ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho batla.Mekhoa ea khetho e ne e kenyelletsa ho fumaneha ha lintlha tse tala le ho bapisoa pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse sebelisetsoang ho hlahloba le ho hlahloba matla a bohloko.Lintlha tse tala tse fumanoeng ke bangoli li ile tsa kopanngoa sebakeng sa polokelo ea litaba 'me tsa hlahlojoa ke Generalized Linear Mixed Model.Liphetoho tsa bohloko ha nako e ntse e ea, tse lekantsoeng ka lisebelisoa tse ka bapisoang le tsona, li ile tsa boela tsa hlahlojoa ke linear regression post-hoc analysis le khakanyo ea Kaplan-Meier.Liphuputso tse leshome le metso e 'meli li kenyelelitsoe meta-analysis e kopantsoeng, 3 ea eona e ne e le liteko tse foufetseng habeli tse bapisang ba bapisoang ba sebetsang le placebo, 2 e ne e le liteko tse bulehileng khahlanong le mekhoa ea phekolo e tloaelehileng, 'me 7 e ne e le liteko tse bulehileng ntle le bapisa.
• LIPHETHO:Liphello li bontšitse hore PEA e etsa hore ho be le phokotso e tsoelang pele ea bohloko bo matla haholo ho feta taolo.Boholo ba phokotso bo lekana

Lintlha tsa 1.04 libeke tse ling le tse ling tsa 2 ka phapang ea 35% e hlalositsoeng ke mohlala oa linear.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bohlokong ba sehlopha sa taolo, matla a ho fokotsa a lekana le lintlha tsa 0.20 libeke tse ling le tse ling tsa 2 ka 1% feela ea phapang eohle e hlalositsoeng ke ho fokotseha.Mohlahlobi oa Kaplan-Meier o bontšitse lintlha tsa bohloko = 3 ho 81% ea bakuli ba phekoloang ke PEA ha ba bapisoa le 40.9% feela ho bakuli ba laolang ka letsatsi la 60 la phekolo.Liphello tsa PEA li ne li ikemetse ka lilemo tsa mokuli kapa bong, 'me li sa amane le mofuta oa bohloko bo sa foleng.

• MEKANTSO:Ho hlokomelehang, liketsahalo tse mpe tse tebileng tse amanang le PEA ha lia ngolisoa le/kapa ho tlalehoa lithutong life kapa life.
• QETELLO:Liphetho tsena li tiisa hore PEA e ka 'na ea emela leano le monate la phekolo, le lecha la ho laola bohloko bo sa foleng le ba methapo ea kutlo

e amanang le neuroinflammation.

Phekolo ea ho Phomola Mahlaba. 2014;2014:849623.

Micronized palmitoylethanolamide e fokotsa matšoao a bohloko ba neuropathic ho bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere.

• Thuto ea hona joale e ile ea hlahloba katleho ea

phekolo ea micronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA-m) ho fokotsa matšoao a bohloko a fumanoang ke bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba nang le peripheral neuropathy.

• PEA-m e ne e fanoa (300 mg habeli ka letsatsi) ho bakuli ba 30 ba lefu la tsoekere

e nang le lefu la tsoekere la lefu la tsoekere le bohloko.

• Pele phekolo e qala, ka mor'a matsatsi a 30 le a 60 ho ile ha hlahlojoa litekanyetso tse latelang: matšoao a bohloko a lefu la tsoekere la peripheral neuropathy ho sebelisa sesebelisoa sa Michigan Neuropathy Screening;matla a matšoao a khethollang bohloko ba lefu la tsoekere la neuropathic ka Total Symptom Score;le matla a likaroloana tse fapaneng tsa bohloko ba neuropathic ka Neuropathic Pain Symptoms Inventory.Liteko tsa Hematological le chemistry ea mali ho lekola taolo ea metabolism le polokeho le tsona li ile tsa etsoa.
• Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo (ANOVA) e bontšitse ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha bohloko bo boholo (P <0.0001) le matšoao a amanang le eona (P <0.0001) e hlahlobiloeng ke sesebelisoa sa Michigan Neuropathy Screening, Total Symptom Score, le Neuropathic Pain Symptoms Inventory.
• Litlhahlobo tsa Hematological le moroto ha lia ka tsa senola liphetoho leha e le life tse amanang le phekolo ea PEA-m, 'me ha ho liketsahalo tse mpe tse tebileng tse tlalehiloeng.
• Liphetho tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore PEA-m e ka nkuoa e le kalafo e ncha e tšepisang le e mamelloang hantle bakeng sa matšoao a nang le lefu la tsoekere le nang le lefu la tsoekere la peripheral neuropathy.

J Pain Res. 2015 Oct 23;8:729-34.

Palmitoylethanolamide, neutraceutical, in nerve compression syndromes: katleho le polokeho ho bohloko ba sciatic le lefu la carpal tunnel.

 

 

• Mona re hlalosa liphello tsa liteko tsohle tsa kliniki tse hlahlobang katleho ea PEA le tšireletseho ho li-syndromes tsa khatello ea methapo: bohloko ba sciatic le bohloko ka lebaka la lefu la carpal tunnel syndrome, le ho hlahloba bopaki ba pele ho mekhoa ea methapo ea methapo.
  • Ka kakaretso, liteko tse robeli tsa kliniki li phatlalalitsoe ho li-syndromes tse joalo tsa entrapment, mme bakuli ba 1,366 ba kenyelelitsoe litekong tsena.
  • Tekong e le 'ngoe ea bohlokoa, e foufetseng habeli, e laoloang ke placebo ho bakuli ba bohloko ba sciatic ba 636, palo e hlokahalang ho phekola ho fihlela ho fokotsa bohloko ba 50% ha ho bapisoa le motheo e ne e le 1.5 ka mor'a libeke tsa 3 tsa phekolo.
  • PEA e ipakile e sebetsa hantle ebile e bolokehile ho li-syndromes tsa khatello ea methapo, ha ho litšebelisano tsa lithethefatsi kapa litla-morao tse thata tse hlalositsoeng.
  • PEA e lokela ho nkoa e le khetho e ncha le e sireletsehileng ea phekolo bakeng sa li-syndromes tsa khatello ea methapo.
    • Kaha hangata co-analgesic pregabaline e bontšitsoe e netefalitsoe

ho se sebetse hantle bohlokong ba sciatic tekong ea bofofu ba habeli.

• Lingaka ha li tsebe kamehla PEA e le mokhoa o nepahetseng le o sireletsehileng ho li-opioids le li-analgesics tse sebetsanang le ho phekola bohloko ba neuropathic.

 

 

NNT ea PEA ho fihla ho 50%

phokotso ya bohloko

 

PEA, palmitoylethanolamide;VAS, sekala sa analog se bonoang;NNT, nomoro e hlokahalang ho phekola

Pain Ther. 2015 Dec;4(2):169-78.

Palmitoylethanolamide ho Fibromyalgia: Liphello tse tsoang ho Lithuto tse Tsoelang Pele le tsa Retrospective Observational.

 

(Duloxetine + pregabalin)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phokotso ea palo ea lintlha tse ntle

 

 

 

Phokotso ea matla a bohloko ka tekanyo ea VAS.

CNS Neurol Disord Litlhahiso tsa Lithethefatsi. 2017 Mar 21.

Ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide: phekolo e sebetsang ea adjuvant bakeng sa lefu la Parkinson.

TSELA:Parkinson's disease (PD) ke taba ea boiteko bo matla ba ho hlahisa mekhoa e fokotsang kapa e thibelang tsoelo-pele ea maloetse le bokooa.Bopaki bo bongata bo supa karolo e hlahelletseng bakeng sa neuroinflammation ho lefu la dopaminergic cell.Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA) e tsebahala haholo ka bokhoni ba eona ba ho khothaletsa tharollo ea neuroinflammation le ho sebelisa ts'ireletso ea methapo.Phuputso ena e ne e etselitsoe ho hlahloba katleho ea um-PEA e le phekolo ea adjuvant ho bakuli ba nang le PD e tsoetseng pele.

MEKHOA:Bakuli ba PD ba mashome a mararo ba fumanang levodopa ba kenyelelitsoe thutong.Lethathamo la tlhahlobo-Movement Disorder Society/Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) le ile la sebelisoa ho hlahloba matšoao a makoloi le ao e seng a koloi.Litlhahlobo tsa bongaka li ile tsa etsoa pele le ka mor'a ho eketsoa ha um-PEA (600 mg).Lenane la lipotso la MDS-UPDS kakaretso ea lintlha tsa likarolo tsa I, II, III, le IV li ile tsa sekasekwa ho sebediswa Generalized Linear Mixed Model, e latelwang ke teko ya boemo bo saennweng ya Wilcoxon ho lekola phapang ya palo ya ntlha ka nngwe pakeng tsa motheo le pheletso ya um-PEA. phekolo.

LIPHETHO:Ho eketsoa ha um-PEA ho bakuli ba PD ba fumanang phekolo ea levodopa ho ile ha etsa hore ho be le phokotso e kholo le e tsoelang pele ho palo eohle ea lintlha tsa MDS-UPDRS (likarolo I, II, III le IV).Bakeng sa ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, phapang e bolelang pakeng tsa motheo le qetello ea phekolo ea um-PEA e bontšitse phokotso e kholo ea matšoao a mangata a se nang motlakase le a koloi.Palo ea bakuli ba nang le matšoao ho basal e fokotsehile ka mor'a selemo se le seng sa phekolo ea um-PEA.Ha ho le ea mong oa barupeluoa ea tlalehileng litlamorao tse hlahisoang ke tlatsetso ea um-PEA.

QETELLO:Um-PEA e ile ea liehisa tsoelo-pele ea mafu le bokooa ho bakuli ba PD, e fana ka maikutlo a hore um-PEA e ka ba phekolo e sebetsang ea adjuvant bakeng sa PD.

Minerva Ginecol. 2015 Oct;67(5):413-9.

Bohloko bo sa foleng ba pelvic, boleng ba bophelo le bophelo bo botle ba thobalano ba basali ba tšoaroang ka palmitoylethanolamide le α-lipoic acid.

• Sepheo sa pampiri ena e ne e le ho hlahloba liphello tsa mokhatlo

pakeng tsa palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) le α-lipoic acid (LA) ka boleng ba bophelo (QoL) le ts'ebetso ea thobalano ho basali ba anngoeng ke bohloko ba pelvic bo amanang le endometriosis.

• Basali ba mashome a mahlano a metso e tšeletseng ba thehile sehlopha sa boithuto 'me ba fuoa PEA 300 mg le LA 300mg habeli ka letsatsi.
• Ho hlalosa bohloko ba pelvic bo amanang le endometriosis, ho ile ha sebelisoa sekala sa analogic scale (VAS).Foromo e Khutšoanyane-36 (SF-36), Index ea Mosebetsi oa ho Kopanela Liphate (FSFI) le Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS) li ne li sebelisetsoa ho hlahloba QoL, mosebetsi oa thobalano le khatello ea thobalano, ka ho latellana.Thuto e kenyelelitse tse latelang tse tharo ho 3, 6 le likhoeli tsa 9.
• Ha ho liphetoho tse ileng tsa hlokomeloa ka bohloko, QoL le ts'ebetso ea thobalano nakong ea khoeli ea 3rd (P = NS).Ka khoeli ea 6 le ea 9, matšoao a bohloko (P <0.001) le lihlopha tsohle tsa QoL (P <0.001) li ntlafetse.Lintlha tsa FSFI le FSDS ha lia ka tsa fetoha ka mor'a ho latela khoeli ea 3rd (P=ns).Ho e-na le hoo, ka mor'a likhoeli tsa 3 le likhoeli tsa 9 ba ile ba ntlafatsa mabapi le motheo (P <0.001).
• Phokotso e tsoelang pele ea lefu la bohloko le tlalehiloeng ke basali nakong ea kalafo e ka kenya letsoho ho ntlafatsa QoL le bophelo ba thobalano ba basali ba PEA le LA.

Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2017 Mar 31;89(1):17-21.

Ho sebetsa hantle ha mokhatlo oa palmitoylethanolamide le alpha-lipoic acid ho bakuli ba nang le lefu le sa foleng la prostatitis / lefu le sa foleng la pelvic: teko ea meriana e sa tloaelehang.

• TSELA:Prostatitis e sa foleng / lefu la bohloko ba pelvic (CP / CPPS) ke boemo bo rarahaneng, bo khetholloang ke etiology e sa tsitsang le karabelo e fokolang ea phekolo.Tlhaloso ea CP / CPPS e kenyelletsa bohloko ba genitourinary kapa ntle le matšoao a ho senya ka ho ba sieo ha libaktheria tsa uropathogenic, joalokaha li lemohuoa ka mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea likokoana-hloko, kapa sesosa se seng se lemohuoang se kang lefu le kotsi.Ho sebetsa ha liphekolo tse fapaneng tsa bongaka, ho hlahlobiloe lithutong tsa bongaka, empa bopaki bo haella kapa boa hanyetsana.Re ile ra bapisa Serenoa Repens ho monotherapy le Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) hammoho le Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) mme ra hlahloba katleho ea liphekolo tsena ho bakuli ba nang le CP / CPPS.
• MEKHOA:Re entse teko e sa reroang, e sa boneng motho a le mong.Bakuli ba 44 ba fumanoeng ba e-na le CP/CPPS (lilemo tse bolelang

41.32 ± 1.686 lilemo) ba ile ba abeloa kalafo ka Palmitoylethanolamide 300 mg hammoho le Alpha- lipoic acid 300 mg (Peanase®), kapa Serenoa Repens ho 320 mg.Lipotso tse tharo (NIH-CPSI, IPSS le IIEF5) li ne li tsamaisoa qalong le ka mor'a libeke tsa 12 tsa phekolo sehlopheng ka seng.

• LIPHETHO:Kalafo ea beke ea 12 le Peanase e ntlafalitse haholo palo ea IPSS ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang ea phekolo le Serenoa Repens, 'me ea fokotsa haholo lintlha tsa NIH-CPSI.Liphetho tse ts'oanang li ile tsa bonoa ho li-subscores tse fapaneng tsa NIH-CPSI.Leha ho le joalo, phekolo e tšoanang ha ea ka ea fella ka ntlafatso e kholo ea lintlha tsa IIEF5.Liphekolo tsena ka bobeli ha lia ka tsa hlahisa liphello tse sa batleheng.
• QETELLO: Liphetho tsa hona joale li tlaleha katleho ea mokhatlo oa Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) le Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) e tsamaisoang bakeng sa libeke tsa 12 bakeng sa ho phekola bakuli ka CP / CPPS, ha e bapisoa le Serenoa Repens monotherapy.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Hlakola 6.

Teko ea kliniki e sa reroang: thepa ea analgesic eadijo tlatsetso

e nang le palmitoylethanolamide le polydatin ka lefu la mala a halefisang.

 

• TSELA:Tšebeliso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ea mala e ameha ho irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology.Le hoja mekhoa e mengata ea lijo ho IBS e kenyelletsa ho qoba lijo, ho na le matšoao a fokolang a tlatsetso ea lijo.Palmithoylethanolamide, ka sebopeho se amanang le endocannabinoid anandamide, le polydatin ke metsoako ea lijo e sebetsang ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa mast.
• Sepheo:Ho lekola phello ea palo ea lisele tsa mast le katleho ea palmithoylethanolamide/polydatin ho bakuli ba nang le IBS.
• MEKHOA:Re ile ra khanna sefofane, libeke tsa 12, tse sa tloaelehang, tse foufetseng habeli, tse laoloang ke placebo, liphuputso tse ngata tse hlahlobang phello ea palmithoylethanolamide / polydatin 200 mg / 20 mg kapa placebo bd ka ts'ebetso ea ho itšireletsa mafung e tlaase, tsamaiso ea endocannabinoid le matšoao ho bakuli ba IBS. .Mehlala ea biopsy, e fumanoeng ketelong ea tlhahlobo le qetellong ea thuto, e ile ea hlahlojoa ke immunohistochemistry, immunoassay e amanang le enzyme, chromatography ea metsi le blot ea Bophirimela.
• LIPHETHO:Kakaretso ea bakuli ba 54 ba nang le IBS le taolo ea bophelo bo botle ba 12 ba ngolisitsoe ho tsoa litsing tse hlano tsa Europe.Ha ho bapisoa le litsamaiso, bakuli ba IBS ba bontšitse lipalo tse phahameng tsa mucosal mast cell (3.2 ± 1.3 vs. 5.3 ± 2.7%),

P = 0.013), e fokotsehile mafura a mafura a amide oleoylethanolamide (12.7 ± 9.8 vs. 45.8 ± 55.6 pmol / mg, P = 0.002) le ho eketseha ha polelo ea cannabinoid receptor 2 (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 = 0.8, P = 0.8, P).Kalafo ha ea ka ea fetola boemo ba biological ba IBS haholo, ho kenyelletsa le palo ea lisele tsa mast.Ha ho bapisoa le placebo, palmithoylethanolamide / polydatin e ntlafalitse haholo bohloko ba ka mpeng (P <0.05).

• QETELLO:Phello e tšoailoeng ea tlatsetso ea lijo ea palmithoylethanolamide / polydatin ka bohloko ba mpa ho bakuli ba nang le IBS e fana ka maikutlo a hore ena ke mokhoa o tšepisang oa tlhaho oa ho laola bohloko boemong bona.Hona joale ho hlokahala lithuto tse ling ho hlakisa mokhoa oa ts'ebetso ea palmithoylethanolamide / polydatin ho IBS.Nomoro ea ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT01370720.

Transl Stroke Res. 2016 Feb;7(1):54-69.

Co-ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide/Luteolin ka Phekolo ea Cerebral Ischemia: ho tloha Rodent ho ea ho Motho.

 

 

 

Bakuli ba ile ba fuoa Glialia® ka nako ea matsatsi a 60.

Litekanyetso tsa Barthel Index e ne e le 26.6 ± 1.69, 48.3 ± 1.91, le 60.5 ± 1.95 ho T0 (242

bakuli), T30 (bakuli ba 229), le T60 (218

bakuli), ka ho latellana.

Ho bile le phapang e kholo ntlafatsong lipakeng tsa T0 le T30 (***p<0.0001) le pakeng tsa T0 le T60 (###p<0.0001).Ho feta moo, ho ne ho e-na le phapang e khōlō haholo pakeng tsa T30 le T60 (p<0.0001).

Bakuli ba basali ba ne ba bonts'a lintlha tse tlase ho feta tsa banna, 'me kholofalo e ne e le mpe ho bakuli ba bakuli

Meriana e Hlahisa Ther. 2016 Sep 27;10:3133-3141.

Resolvins le aliamides: lipid autacoids ho ophthalmology - ba na le ts'episo efe?

• Resolvins (Rvs) ke sehlopha sa libuka tsalimolek'hule tsa endo native tse tsoang ho lipid(autacoids) e nang le thepa e matla ea immunomodulating, e laolang karolo ea tharollo ea karabelo e sebetsang ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.
  • Lintho tsena tse feto-fetohang li hlahisoa sebakeng sa heno, tse susumetsang ts'ebetso ea lisele le / kapa lisele, tse hlahisoang ha ho hlokahala ebe ka mor'a moo li kenngoa ka har'a lisele le / kapa liseleng tse tšoanang.
  • Pharmacology ea Autacoid, e hlahisitsoeng lilemong tsa bo-1970, lithethefatsi tsa autacoid e ka ba metsoako ea 'mele ka botsona kapa li-precursors kapa tse ling tse tsoang ho eona, haholo-holo tse thehiloeng ho chemistry e bonolo, joalo ka 5- hydroxytryptophan, selelekela sa serotonin.
  • Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa li-autocoid tsa lihlopha tsena ke ho thibela "hyperactivated" ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung' me kahoo e sebetsa joaloka letšoao la "emisa" lits'ebetsong tsa ho ruruha ho seng joalo e fetoha pathological.
    • Ka 1993, mohapi oa Nobel Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012) o ile a qapa lentsoe "aliamides" bakeng sa metsoako e joalo, ha a ntse a sebetsa ka ho thibela le ho fetola karolo ea palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) liseleng tsa mast tse feteletseng.
    • Khopolo ea li-aliamides e nkiloe ho tsoa ho khutsufatsoALIA: ho ruruha ha sebaka sa autacoid mohanyetsi.
    • Lentsoe lena le ile la kena tšimong eaN-acetylethanolamides autacoids, tse kang PEA, le hoja "aliamide" e ne e hlalosoa ke Levi-Montalcini e le mohopolo oa setshelo bakeng sa bohle ba lipid-inhibiting le -modulating mediators.Seo se tla kenyelletsa li-Rvs, li-protein, le li-maresins.
    • Rvs ke metabolites ea polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), le docosapentaenoic acid (DPA).
      • Metabolites ea EPA e bitsoa E Rvs (RvEs), ea DHA e bitsoa D Rvs (RvDs), 'me ea DPA e bitsoa Rvs D.

(RvDsn-3DPA) le Rvs T (RvTs).

• Li-protectins le maresins li tsoa ho ω-3 fatty acid DHA.

J Ophthalmol. 2015;2015:430596.

Palmitoylethanolamide, Retinoprotectant ea Tlhaho: Bohlokoa ba Eona ba Phekolo ea Glaucoma le Retinopathy ea lefu la tsoekere.

 

Retinopathy ke tšokelo mahlong, 'me glaucoma le lefu la tsoekere ke tsona tse bakang tšenyo ea lisele tsa retina.Litlhaloso tsa morao-rao li bontšitse tsela e tloaelehileng ea pathogenetic bakeng sa mathata ka bobeli, ho itšetlehile ka ho ruruha ho sa foleng.

PEA e hlahlobiloe bakeng sa glaucoma, retinopathy ea lefu la tsoekere, le uveitis, maemo a pathological a ipapisitseng le ho ruruha ho sa foleng, mathata a ho phefumoloha, le mefuta e fapaneng ea bohloko litekong tse ngata tsa bongaka ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-70 tsa lekholo la bo20 la lilemo.

PEA e 'nile ea lekoa bonyane lithutong tse 9 tse laoloang ke placebo tse peli tse foufetseng, tseo har'a tsona lithuto tse peli li neng li le ka glaucoma,' me li fumanoe li bolokehile ebile li sebetsa ho fihlela ho 1.8 g / letsatsi, ka mamello e babatsehang.Ka hona, PEA e na le ts'episo ea ho phekola li-retinopathy tse ngata.

PEA e fumaneha e le tlatsetso ea lijo (PeaPure) hape e le lijo tsa phepo bakeng sa merero ea bongaka Italy (Normast, PeaVera, le Visimast).

Lihlahisoa tsena li tsebisoa Italy bakeng sa tšehetso ea phepo e nepahetseng ho glaucoma le neuroinflammation.Re buisana ka PEA e le motsoako o thibelang ho ruruha le oa retinoprotectant kalafo ea retinopathies, haholo-holo e amanang le glaucoma le lefu la tsoekere.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lipheo tse fapaneng tsa limolek'hule tsa PEA.PPAR: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor;GPR-55: 119-likhutsana G-protein e kopantsoeng le li-receptors;CCL: chemokine ligand;COX: cyclooxygenase;iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase;TRPV: receptor ea nakoana e ka bang teng ea cation channel subfamily V;IL: interleukin;Kv1.5,4.3: potassium gated dikanale gated;Lekhetho-4 R: seamoheli se tšoanang le mohala.

Clin Interv Botsofali. 2014 Jul 17;9:1163-9.

N-palmitoylethanolamine le N-acetylethanolamine li sebetsa hantle ho eczema ea asteatotic: liphetho tsa thuto e laoloang, e sa boneng habeli, e laoloang ho bakuli ba 60.

 

 

 

• TSELA:Asteatotic eczema (AE) e tšoauoa ka ho hlohlona, ​​ho omella, ho ba mahlahahlaha le letlalo la letlalo.Liphekolo tsa AE haholo-holo ke li-emollients, hangata li na le urea, lactic acid, kapa letsoai la lactate.N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA) le N- acetylethanolamine (AEA) ka bobeli ke li-endogenous lipids tse sebelisoang e le lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa phekolo ho phekola mafu a mangata a letlalo.Sepheo sa phuputso ena e ne e le ho bapisa setho sa PEA/AEA se nang le setlolo sa setso sa phekolo ea AE.
• MEKHOA:Ho ile ha etsoa teko e le 'ngoe, e sa tloaelehang, e sa boneng habeli, e bapisoang le bakuli ba 60 AE ho hlahloba le ho bapisa katleho ea li-emollients tse peli.Boemo ba ho omella ha letlalo har'a barupeluoa bo ne bo fapana ho tloha ho bonolo ho isa ho bo itekanetseng.Mosebetsi oa barupeluoa oa thibelo ea letlalo le moeli oa hona joale oa maikutlo li ile tsa lekoa ka matsatsi a 28 ka lintlha tsa bongaka le theknoloji ea bioengineering.
• LIPHETHO:Liphello li bontšitse hore, le hoja likarolo tse ling li ile tsa ntlafatsoa lihlopheng ka bobeli, sehlopha se sebelisang emollient e nang le PEA/AEA se hlahisitse phetoho e ntle ea letlalo holim'a bokhoni.Leha ho le joalo, phumano e tsotehang ka ho fetisisa e ne e le bokhoni ba PEA / AEA emollient ho eketsa moeli oa hona joale oa 5 Hz oa maikutlo ho ea boemong bo tloaelehileng ka mor'a matsatsi a 7, ka phapang e khōlō pakeng tsa litekanyetso tsa motheo le ka mor'a matsatsi a 14.Mohaho oa hona joale oa maikutlo oa 5 Hz o ne o amana hantle le haholo le letlalo holim'a metsi 'me o amana hampe le tahlehelo ea metsi a transepidermal sehlopheng sa PEA / AEA emollient.
• QETELLO: Ha ho bapisoa le li-emollients tsa setso, ts'ebeliso ea khafetsa ea "PEA/AEA emollient" ea mantlha e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea letlalo le sa sebetseng le e sebetsang ka nako e le 'ngoe.

 

 

Ho fetoha ha metsi letlalong ka matsatsi a 28

 

 

Ha ho bapisoa le mokhoa oa setso oa emollient, PEA/AEA emollient e ka laola ka nako e le 'ngoe mesebetsi ea letlalo "e sa sebetseng" le "e sebetsang", ho kenyelletsa le ho nchafatsa letlalo le ho khutlisa lipid lamellae, ho utloahala ha letlalo, le bokhoni ba ho itšireletsa mafung.

 

Kamoo PEA e sebetsang kateng

• Mokhoa(s) oa ketso eaPEA e kenyelletsaliphello tsa eona ho nuclearmoamoheliPPARA(Gabrielsson et al., 2016).
• E boetse e kenyelletsa lisele tsa mast, cannabinoidmoamohelimofuta oa 2 (CB2)-joalo kacannabinoidli-receptors,ATP-likanale tsa potassium tse nang le kutloelo-bohloko, tsa nakoanamoamohelilikanale tse ka bang teng (TRP), le nyutlelientlhakapa B (NFkB).
• E ka khonaamapontšo ea endocannabinoid ka ho sebetsa joalo ka tlholisanosubstrate bakeng saendocannabinoid homologue anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine).
• Gut-brain axis: Karolo ea lipids ho taolo ea ho ruruha, bohloko le CNS mafu.

 

 

 

 

 

Curr Med Chem. 2017 Feb

16.

Gut-brain axis: Karolo ea lipids taolong ea ho ruruha, bohloko le mafu a CNS.

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Mala a motho ke tikoloho e nang le metsoako ea anaerobic e nang le microbiota e kholo, e fapaneng le e matla ea enteric, e emeloang ke likokoana-hloko tse fetang litrilione tse 100, ho kenyeletsa bonyane mefuta e 1000 e ikhethang.
• Ho sibolloa hore sebopeho se fapaneng sa likokoana-hloko se ka ama boitšoaro le kutloisiso, 'me tsamaiso ea methapo e ka susumetsa ka tsela e sa tobang sebopeho sa enteric microbiota, e tlatselitse haholo ho theha mohopolo o amoheloang hantle oa axis ea boko ba mala.

 

• Khopolo-taba ena e tšehetsoa ke bopaki bo bongata bo bontšang mekhoa e kopanetsoeng, e kenyeletsang methapo e sa hlakang, tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis modulation le baktheria-e nkiloeng.

metabolites.

 

• Liphuputso tse ngata li tsepamisitse maikutlo tabeng ea ho hlalosa karolo ea karolo ena ea bophelo bo botle le maloetse, ho tloha ho mathata a amanang le khatello ea kelello a kang khatello ea maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha le lefu la mala (IBS) ho ea ho mafu a neurodevelopmental, a kang autism, le mafu a neurodegenerative, a kang Parkinson. Lefu, Lefu la Alzheimer joalo-joalo.

 

• Ho ipapisitsoe le semelo sena, le ho nahana ka bohlokoa ba phetoho ea boemo ba symbiotic pakeng tsa moamoheli le microbiota, tlhahlobo ena e shebana le karolo le ho kenya letsoho ha bioactive lipids, joalo ka lelapa la N- acylethanolamine (NAE) bao litho tsa bona tse ka sehloohong e leng N-arachidonoylethanolamine. (AEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) le oleoilethanolamide (OEA), le ketane e khuts'oane ea mafura acid (SCFAs), joalo ka butyrate, e leng karolo ea sehlopha se seholo sa lipids tsa bioactive tse khonang ho fetola lits'ebetso tsa peripheral le central pathologic.

 

• E thehiloe hantle karolo ea bona e sebetsang ea ho ruruha, bohloko bo matla le bo sa foleng, botenya le mafu a tsamaiso ea methapo ea bohareng.Ho bonts'itsoe khokahano e ka bang teng lipakeng tsa lipids tsena le gut microbiota ka mekhoa e fapaneng.Ka sebele, tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea libaktheria tse khethehileng e ka fokotsa bohloko ba mpeng ka ho kenya letsoho cannabinoid receptor 1 ka rat;ka lehlakoreng le leng, PEA e fokotsa matšoao a ho ruruha ka mokhoa oa murine oa lefu la ho ruruha ha mala (IBD), le butyrate, e hlahisoang ke gut microbiota, e sebetsa ka katleho ho fokotsa ho ruruha le bohloko bo bakoang ke lefu la mala le mefuta ea liphoofolo tsa IBD.

 

• Tlhahlobisong ena, re hatisa kamano pakeng tsa ho ruruha, bohloko, microbiota le lipids tse fapaneng, tse lebisang tlhokomelo ea ho kenya letsoho ha NAEs le SCFAs ka har'a axis ea boko ba mala le karolo ea bona ho mafu a tsamaiso ea methapo ea bohareng.

Liphello tsa palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ho Akt/mTOR/p70S6K axis activation le polelo ea HIF-1α ho DSS-induced colitis le ho ulcerative colitis.

 

 

 

PLoS One.2016;11(5): e0156198.

 

 

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) e thibela angiogenesis e amanang le colitis ho litoeba.(A) DSS-induced colitis e bakile keketseho e kholo ea Hb-content ho colonic mucosa, PEA e khona ho fokotsa, ka mokhoa o itšetlehileng ka tekanyo, Hb-content in colitis litoeba;phello ena e ile ea tsoela pele ka pel'a mohanyetsi oa PPARγ (GW9662) ha e ntse e hlakoloa ke mohanyetsi oa PPARα (MK866).(B) Litšoantšo tsa Immunohistochemical tse bontšang polelo ea CD31 ho litoeba tsa colonic mucosa (phanele 1), DSS-treated litoeba colonic mucosa (panel 2), DSS-treated litoeba colonic mucosa ka pel'a PEA (10 mg / Kg) feela (phanele 3), PEA (10 mg / Kg) hammoho le MK866 10 mg / Kg (phanele 4), le PEA (10 mg / Kg) hammoho le GW9662 1 mg / Kg (phanele 5).Ho phahamisa 20X;sekhahla sa sekhahla: 100μm.Kerafo e akaretsa palo e lekanyelitsoeng ea polelo ea CD31 (%) ho litoeba tsa colonic mucosa lihlopheng tse tšoanang tsa liteko, ho bonts'a phokotso ea polelo ea CD31 ho litoeba tsa colitic ka mor'a tsamaiso ea PEA, ntle le hore sehlopha se boetse se tšoaroa le mohanyetsi oa PPARα.

(C) Ho lokolloa ha VEGF ho ile ha fella ka keketseho ea litoeba tse tšoaroang ke DSS 'me e fokotsehile haholo ke phekolo ea PEA ka mokhoa o itšetlehileng ka PPARα.(D) Tlhahlobo ea blot ea Bophirimela le

tlhahlobo e amanang le densitometric (likarolo tse sa reroang tse tloaelehileng mabapi le polelo ea protheine ea ho boloka ntlo β-actin) ea polelo ea VEGF-receptor (VEGF-R), e bonts'ang liphetho tse ts'oanang le tokollo ea VEGF.Liphetho li hlahisoa joalo ka ±SD.*p<0.05, **p<0.01 le ***p<0.001 khahlano le litoeba tse phekotsoeng ke DSS

PLoS One.2016;11(5): e0156198.

Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 23;7(1):375.

Palmitoylethanolamide e etsa hore ho be le liphetoho tsa microglia tse amanang le ho falla ho eketsehileng le mosebetsi oa phagocytic: ho kenya letsoho ha CB2 receptor.

 

• Endogenous fatty acid amide palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) e bontšitsoe hore e na le liketso tse khahlanong le ho ruruha haholo-holo ka ho thibela ho lokolloa ha limolek'hule tsa pro-inflammatory ho tloha liseleng tsa mast, monocytes le macrophages.Ts'ebetso e sa tobang ea sistimi ea endocannabinoid (eCB) ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e mengata ea ts'ebetso e reriloeng ho fana ka litlamorao tse fapaneng tsa PEA ka vivo.
• Thutong ena, re sebelisitse rat microglia le li-macrophages tsa batho ho lekola hore na PEA e ama pontšo ea eCB.
• PEA e fumanoe e eketsa CB2 mRNA le polelo ea protheine ka ts'ebetso ea peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α).
  • Mokhoa ona oa taolo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso o bontšitsoe ka: (i)

pharmacological PPAR-α manipulation, (ii) PPAR-α mRNA ho khutsisa,

(iii) chromatin immunoprecipitation.

• Ho feta moo, ho pepesehela PEA ho bakile liphetoho tsa morphological tse amanang le phenotype e sebetsang ea microglial, ho kenyelletsa le keketseho ea phagocytosis le ts'ebetso ea ho falla.
• Liphuputso tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a taolo e sa tobang ea polelo ea microglial CB2R e le mokhoa o mocha o ka bakang litlamorao tsa PEA.PEA e ka hlahlojoa e le sesebelisoa se molemo bakeng sa ho thibela / ho phekola matšoao a amanang le neuroinflammation ka mathata a CNS.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mohlala oa 2-AG metabolism le monehelo oa eona o ka khonehang ho bohloko ba ka morao ho ts'ebetso.Li-enzyme tse hokahanyang 2-AG metabolism.2-AG metabolism e etsahala haholo-holo ka hydrolysis ka monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), e fanang ka arachidonic acid, eo ka mor'a moo e fetoloang eicosanoids ka COX le LOX enzymes.Ho phaella moo, 2-AG e ka kenngoa ka metabolized ho prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG-Gs) ka COX-2 le hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid glycerol esters (HETE-Gs) ka li-enzyme tsa LOX.

 

 

Bohloko. 2015 Feb;156(2):341-7.

Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2017 Feb 27;5(2):e00300.

Motsoako o khahlanong le ho ruruha palmitoylethanolamide o thibela tlhahiso ea prostaglandin le hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ka mohala oa sele ea macrophage.

 

Phello ea PEA holim'a maemo a (A) PGD2;(B) PGE2;(C) 11-HETE;(D) 15-HETE;(E) 9-HODE le (F) 13-HODE ho

LPS + IFNγLisele tsa RAW264.7 tse tšoaroang.

Lisele (2.5 × 105 selibeng) li ile tsa kenngoa lipoleiting tse tšeletseng tsa liliba tse nang le LPS (0.1).μg/mL hantle) le INFγ (100 U / mL) mme e hlahisitsoe ka 37 ° C bakeng sa 24 h.PEA (3μmol/L, P3;kapa 10μmol/L, P10) kapa koloi e kentsoe qalong ea nako ena ea temo ("24 h") kapa metsotso e 30 kamora LPS + INF.γ mohato oa ho incubation ("30 min").

TheP boleng bo ne bo tsoa ho mehlala ea mela bakeng sa litlamorao tse kholo feela (mela e meraro e holimo,ti = karolo ea nako, e nang le metsotso e 30 e le boleng ba litšupiso) kapa bakeng sa mohlala o kenyelletsang litšebelisano (mehala e 'meli e ka tlase), e baloang ho sebelisoat- Liphatlalatso tse khethiloeng ke bootstrap ka sampole e ncha (10,000 iterations) ea data tlas'a khopolo-taba e se nang thuso.Lintho tse ka etsahalang le tse ka etsahalang, tse tšoailoeng ka har'a meralo ea Boxplot (Tukey), li bonts'oa e le likhutlo-tharo le lisekoere tse khubelu, ka ho latellana.Likarolo tse ka bang teng li kenyelelitsoe litlhahlobong tsa lipalo-palo, athe ea ka ntle e ne e sa kenyelletsoa.Li-bar li emela boleng ba bohareng ka mor'a ho qheleloa ka thoko ho probable outlier (n = 11–12).Bakeng sa 11-HETE, theP boleng bakeng sa sete eohle ea data (ke hore, ho kenyeletsoa ka ntle ho naha) e ne e le:ti, 0,87;P3, 0,86;P10, 0.0020;ti × P3, 0,83;ti x P10, 0,93.

 

TŠEBELETSO PEA

 

• PEA hajoale e fumaneha lefatšeng ka bophara ka mokhoa oa li-supplement tsa lijo, lijo tsa bongaka, le / kapa limatlafatsi ka mefuta e fapaneng, e nang le li-excipients le ntle le eona (Hesselink le Kopsky, 2015).
• PEA hajoale e rekisetsoa tšebeliso ea bongaka ba liphoofolo (maemo a letlalo, Redonyl™, e entsoeng ke Innovet) hape e le phepo e nepahetseng bathong (Normast™ le Pelvilen™, e entsoeng ke Epitech; PeaPure™, e entsoeng ke JP Russel Science Ltd.) linaheng tse ling tsa Europe. (mohlala, Italy, Spain le Netherlands) (Gabrielsson et al., 2016).
• Hape ke karolo ea tranelate (Physiogel AI ™, e entsoeng ke Stiefel) e rekisoang bakeng sa letlalo le omeletseng (Gabrielsson et al., 2016).
• Ultramicronized PEA e ngolisitsoe e le lijo bakeng sa merero e khethehileng ke Lekala la Bophelo la Italy 'me ha e ngotsoe hore e sebelisoe ho bohloko ba neuropathic (Andersen et al., 2015).
• Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi (FDA) ha e so ka e hlahloba polokeho ea PEA pele.Ha ho na melaoana naheng ea Amerika e lumellang tšebeliso ea PEA e le motsoako oa lijo kapa ntho ea GRAS.

 

 

FDA ka Lijo tsa Bongaka

• United States, lijo tsa meriana ke sehlopha se khethehileng sa lihlahisoa tse laoloang ke FDA.

• Europe, sehlopha se ts'oanang se bitsoang "Lijo bakeng sa Merero e Khethehileng ea Bongaka" (FSMPs) e koahetsoe ke Taelo ea Lijo bakeng sa Litšebeliso tse khethehileng tsa Phepo 'me e laoloa ke European Commission (EC).
• Ka 1988 FDA e ile ea etsa mehato ea ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea mokhahlelo oa lijo tsa bongaka ka ho fa lihlahisoa boemo ba lithethefatsi tsa likhutsana.
  • Liphetoho tsena tsa taolo li fokotsa litšenyehelo le nako e amanang le ho tlisa lijo tsa meriana 'marakeng, kaha lijo tsa pele tsa meriana li ne li tšoaroa e le lithethefatsi tsa meriana.
  • Lijo tsa bongaka ha li hlokehe ho hlahlojoa esale pele kapa ho amoheloa ke FDA.Ho feta moo, ha ba lumelloe ho latela litlhoko tsa ho ngola bakeng sa likopo tsa bophelo bo botle le likopo tsa litaba tsa limatlafatsi tlas'a Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990.
    • Ho fapana le li-supplement tsa lijo, tse thibetsoeng ho etsa likopo tsa mafu 'me li reretsoe batho ba phetseng hantle, lijo tsa bongaka li etselitsoe batho ba nang le mafu a itseng.
    • Litlaleho tsa lefu li tlameha ho tšehetsoa ke bopaki bo utloahalang ba saense bo tiisang lipolelo tsa taolo e atlehileng ea phepo ea lefu lena.
    • Lithako tsohle li tlameha ho amoheloa ke li-additives tsa lijo kapa li hlophisoe e le GRAS.

 

FDA ka Lijo tsa Bongaka

 

• US FDA e khetha lijo tsa bongaka e le sehlopha sa lintho tse reretsoeng ho laola lijo tsa tleliniki tsa boemo kapa lefu le itseng.Mekhoa e ikhethileng e hlokahalang ho fumana lebitso lena la FDA e kenyelletsa hore sehlahisoa se tlameha ho ba:
  • Lijo tse entsoeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho kenngoa ka molomo kapa ka molomo;
  • Bakeng sa tsamaiso ea lijo tsa kliniki ea lefu le itseng la bongaka, lefu kapa boemo bo sa tloaelehang boo ho bona ho nang le litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa phepo;
  • E Entsoe ka Metsoako e Tsebahalang e le Sireletsehile (GRAS);
  • Ho latela melaoana ea FDA e amanang le ho ngola, likopo tsa lihlahisoa le

tlhahiso.

• Joaloka sehlopha sa phekolo, lijo tsa meriana li fapane le lithethefatsi le li-supplement.
  • Li-labels li tlameha ho kenyelletsa poleloana e reng, "ho sebelisoa tlas'a tlhokomelo ea bongaka," kaha lijo tsa bongaka li hlahisoa tlas'a mekhoa e thata ea tlhahiso le ho boloka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho ngola.

Na lijo tsa bongaka ke mokhoa o latelang o moholo oa lijo tse pakiloeng?

• Menyetla e karolong ea lijo tsa bongaka e ntse e eketseha;marakeng ho hakanngoa hore ba bohlokoa $15 limilione tse likete tse, ho ea kaTheLerakoSeterata Journal.
• Likhamphani tse kholo tsa lijo, ho kenyeletsoa Nestle le Hormel, li etsa matsete ho R&D le mela ea lihlahisoa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa bongaka le phepo.
  • Nestle e hlahisitse a$ 500 milione ea tekanyetso ho ts'ehetsa lipatlisiso tsa lijo tsa bongaka ho fihlela 2021.
  • Mabapi le mathata, ho fumana mahlale a nepahetseng le ho ts'epa mosebetsi oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ho ka bonahala e le ntho ea bohlokoa
    • Baetsi ba metsoako ba lokela ho tsoela pele ka lipatlisiso tsa saense ea bongaka 'me mohlomong ba hokahane le liunivesithi tsa lipatlisiso hore ba be le kamano, ebang ke ho tšehetsa lipatlisiso kapa ho fumana tsebo ea bohlokoa.

Mehlala e ikhethileng ea lijo tsa bongaka tse rekisitsoeng le ts'ebeliso ea tsona

• Axona (caprylic triglycerides) -Lefu la Alzheimer[5]
  • Banatrol Plus (li-banana flakes/Bimunogalacto-oligosaccharide -letšollo[6]
  • Deplin (l-methylfolate) -khatello ea maikutlo[7]
  • Fosteum (genistein aglycone/citrated zinki bisglycinate/cholecalciferol)

-lefu la osteopenia lelefu la ho fokola ha masapo[8]

• Limbrel (flavocoxid) -osteoarthritis[9]
• Metanx (L-methylfolate calcium/pyridoxal 5'- phosphate/methylcobalamin) -lefu la tsoekere la neuropathy[10]
• Theramine (l-arginine, 5-htp, histidine, l-glutamine) -myalgia[11]