Palmitoylethanolamide PEA

Palmitoylethanolamide

  • Palmitoylethanolamide(I-PEA), i-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-�) i-ligand eyenza i-anti-inflammatory, analgesic, kunye ne-neuroprotective action, kunyango lwe-neuro-inflammation, ngakumbi ehambelana neentlungu ezingapheliyo, i-glaucoma kunye ne-diabetes retinopathy.
    • Indlela (s) yesenzo se-PEA ibandakanya iziphumo zayo kwi-nuclear receptor PPARα (Gabrielsson et al., 2016).
    • Ikwabandakanya iiseli zemast,i-cannabinoid umamkeli uhlobo lwe-2 (CB2) -njenge-receptors ye-cannabinoid, i-ATP-sensitive potassium-channels, iziteshi ze-receptor ezidlulayo (TRP), kunye ne-nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB).
    • Inokuchaphazela ukubonakaliswa kwe-endocannabinoid ngokusebenza njenge-substrate ekhuphisanayo ye-endocannabinoid homologue anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine).
  • Ukuqwalaselwa kokuqala kwakungo-1943 nguCoburn et al.njengenxalenye yophononongo lwe-epidemiological egxile kwi-child rheumatic fever, izehlo zazo ezaziphezulu kwabo bantwana batya ukutya okuncinci kwamaqanda.
    • Aba baphandi baqaphele ukuba ukwenzeka kwancitshiswa kubantwana abondliwe umgubo weqanda lomthubi, kwaye emva koko babonisa iipropathi ezichasene ne-anaphylactic kwiihagu zeguinea ezinencindi ye-lipid evela kwi-yolk yeqanda.
  • Ngo-1957 uKuehl Omnci. kunye nabasebenzi asebenza nabo baye bachaza ukuba baphumelele ukwahlula into eyikristale echasayo kwimbotyi yesoya.Bayibeke yodwa ikhompawundi nakwiqhezu le-phospholipid leqanda lomthubi kunye nakwi-hexane-extracted peanut meal.
    • I-Hydrolysis ye-PEA ibangele i-palmitic acid kunye ne-ethanolamine kwaye ngoko ke i-compound yachongwa njengeN-(2-hydroxyethyl)- palmitamide (Kepple Hesselink et al., 2013).

 

 

Itshathi yokuHamba yeSemi-synthesize Palmitoylethanolamide

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I-MassSpectra (ESI-MS: m/z 300(M+H+) kunye neNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) yePEA

 

 

 

 

ISayensi yoKutya kunye neZondlo DOI 10.1002/fsn3.392

Ukhuseleko lwe-micronized palmitoylethanolamide (microPEA): ukungabikho kwetyhefu kunye nokubakho kwe-genotoxic.

 

  • I-Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) i-amide ye-fatty acid yendalo efumaneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya, eyayichongiwe ekuqaleni kwi-yolk yeqanda.
  • I-MicroPEA yobungakanani obuchaziweyo be-particle (0.5-10μm) yavavanyelwa ukulungelelaniswa kweSalmonella typhimurium,kwi-clastogenicity/aneuploidy kwi-lymphocytes yabantu ekhuliswe, kunye netyhefu ebukhali kunye ne-subchronic ye-rodent kwimpuku, ngokulandela imigaqo yovavanyo ye-OECD esemgangathweni, ngokungqinelana ne-Good Laboratory Practice (GLP).
  • I-PEA ayizange yenze utshintsho kuvavanyo lwebhaktiriya isebenzisa iintlobo ze-TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, kunye ne-TA102, kunye okanye ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-metabolic, nokuba kufakwe ipleyiti okanye iindlela zokufakelwa kwamanzi.Ngokufanayo, i-PEA ayizange ibangele iziphumo ze-genotoxic kwiiseli zomntu eziphathwe i-3 okanye i-24 h ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-metabolic, okanye i-3 h ngokusebenza kwe-metabolic.
  • I-PEA ifunyenwe ibe ne-LD50 enkulu kunomlinganiselo olinganiselwe we-2000 mg / kg ubunzima bomzimba (bw), usebenzisa i-OECD Acute Oral Up and Down Procedure.Iidosi zeentsuku ezingama-90 zophononongo lwetyhefu yomlomo wegundane zazisekwe kwiziphumo ezivela kwisifundo sokuqala seentsuku ezili-14, oko kukuthi, 250, 500, kunye ne-1000 mg/kg bw/day.
  • INqanaba elingenasiphumo (NOEL) kuzo zombini izifundo ze-subchronic yayiyeyona idosi ephezulu evavanyiweyo.

 

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Okt;82(4):932-42.

I-Palmitoylethanolamide yonyango lwentlungu: i-pharmacokinetics, ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle

  • Izilingo zeklinikhi ezilishumi elinesithandathu, iingxelo zecala ezintandathu / izifundo zokulinga kunye ne-meta-uhlalutyo lwe-PEA njenge-analgesic iye yapapashwa kwiincwadi.
    • Ngamaxesha onyango ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-49, idatha yeklinikhi yangoku iphikisana ngokuchasene neziphumo ezibi kakhulu zeziyobisi (ADRs) kwisehlo

 

  • Ngonyango oluhlala ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-60, inani lezigulane alanele ukukhupha i-frequency ye-ADR engaphantsi kwe-1/100.
  • Amalingo amathandathu apapashiweyo ekliniki anomgangatho oguquguqukayo.Ukunikezelwa kwedatha ngaphandle kolwazi malunga nokusasazeka kwedatha kunye nokungaxelwa kwedatha ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle komlinganiselo wokugqibela kwakuphakathi kwemiba echongiweyo.
  • Ngaphaya koko, akukho luthelekiso lweklinikhi lwe-unmicronized kunye ne-micronized ye-PEA, kwaye ke ubungqina bokuphakama kolunye uqulunqo kunomnye abukho okwangoku.
  • Nangona kunjalo, idatha ekhoyo yeklinikhi ixhasa ingxabano yokuba i-PEA inezenzo zokuthomalalisa iintlungu kwaye ikhuthaze uphononongo olongezelelweyo lwale khompawundi, ngakumbi ngokubhekiselele kuthelekiso lwentloko-ntloko lwe-unmicronized vs. micronized formulations ye-PEA kunye nokuthelekisa kunye nonyango olucetyiswayo lwangoku.

 

Ubungqina bezonyango

  • EkhethekileyoUkutya kwiiNjongo zonyango, kwiUnyangoof Ezingapheliyo Iintlungu
  • I-Micronized palmitoylethanolamide inciphisaiimpawuof intlungu ye-neuropathickwisifo seswekile izigulane
  • Palmitoylethanolamide, a i-neutraceutical, in imithambo-luvo ucinezelo syndromes: ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye ukhuseleko in intlungu ye-sciatic kunye netonela ye-carpal isifo
  • Palmitoylethanolamide in I-Fibromyalgia: Iziphumo ukusuka Abalindelekileyo kwaye Ukubuyisela emva Uqwalaselo Izifundo
  • Ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide: i efficaciousunyango lwe-adjuvantngenxaParkinson's

isifo.

  • Ezingapheliyo i-pelvic intlungu, umgangatho of ubomi kwaye ngokwesondo impilo of abafazi unyango kunye palmitoylethanolamide kwaye α- lipoic acid
  • Randomized klinikhi uvavanyo: i i-analgesic iipropati of ukutya ukongezangepalmitoylethanolamide kunye ne-polydatin ngaphakathiukucaphuka kwamathumbu isifo.
  • Co-ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide/Luteolin in i Unyango of Ubuchopho Ischemia: ukusuka Impuku to

Umntu

  • Palmitoylethanolamide, a Ngokwendalo I-Retinoprotectant: Yalo Ukubeka Ukufaneleka ngenxa i Unyangoof IGlaucomakunye nesifo seswekile I-retinopathy
  • N-palmitoylethanolamine kwaye N-acetylethanolamine zi esebenzayo in asteatotic eczema: iziphumo of isifundo esingahleliwe, esingaboniyo kabini, esilawulwayo kwi-60 izigulane

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UGqirha weentlungu. 2016 Feb;19(2):11-24.

I-Palmitoylethanolamide, Ukutya okuKhethekileyo kwiiNjongo zezoNyango, kuNyango lweNzululwazi ePhakamileyo: Uhlalutyo lweMeta yeDatha eDityanisiweyo.

 

  • IMVELAPHI: Ubungqina obukhulayo bobungqina bubonisa ukuba i-neuroinflammation, ebonakaliswa ngokungena kweeseli zomzimba, ukusetyenziswa kweeseli ze-mast kunye neeseli ze-glial, kunye nokuveliswa kwabalamli abavuthayo kwiinkqubo ze-peripheral kunye ne-central nervous, zinendima ebalulekileyo ekufakweni nasekugcinweni kwezifo ezingapheliyo. intlungu.Ezi ziphumo zixhasa ingcamango yokuba amathuba amatsha onyango lweentlungu ezingapheliyo anokuthi asekelwe kwi-anti-inflammatory and pro-resoluble mediators asebenza kwiiseli zomzimba, ngokukodwa iiseli ze-mast kunye ne-glia, ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa i-neuroinflammation.

Phakathi kwe-anti-inflammatory kunye ne-pro-resolving lipid mediators, i-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) iye yaxelwa ukuba ithobe i-mast cell activation kunye nokulawula ukuziphatha kweeseli ze-glial.

  • INJONGO:Injongo yolu phononongo yayikukwenza uhlalutyo lwe-meta oludibeneyo ukuvavanya ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwe-micronized kunye ne-ultra-micronizedpalmitoylethanolamide (PEA) kwiintlungu ezibuhlungu kwizigulane ezineentlungu ezingapheliyo kunye / okanye ze-neuropathic.
  • FUNDAUYILO:Uhlalutyo lwedatha oluhlanganisiweyo olubandakanya iimvavanyo eziphindwe kabini ezingaboniyo, ezilawulwayo, kunye neleyibhile evulekileyo.
  • IIINDLELA:Ulingo lweklinikhi olungaboni kabini, olulawulwayo, kunye noluvulelekileyo lwakhethwa ukubonisana nePubMed, Google Scholar, kunye neCochrane yogcino-lwazi, kunye neenkqubo zeentlanganiso ze-neuroscience.Amagama entlungu engapheliyo, intlungu ye-neuropathic, kunye ne-micronized kunye ne-ultra-micronized PEA zisetyenziselwa ukukhangela.Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha zibandakanya ukufumaneka kwedatha eluhlaza kunye nokuthelekisa phakathi kwezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga nokuvavanya ubunzima beentlungu.Idatha eluhlaza efunyenwe ngababhali yadityaniswa kwisiseko sedatha enye kwaye yahlalutywa yi-Generalized Linear Mixed Model.Utshintsho kwiintlungu ekuhambeni kwexesha, lulinganiswa ngezixhobo ezifaniswayo, luphinde lwavavanywa ngokuhlalutya komgca we-post-hoc kunye noqikelelo lwe-Kaplan-Meier.Izifundo ezilishumi elinesibini zibandakanyiwe kuhlalutyo oludityanisiweyo lwemeta, i-3 yazo yayiyizilingo eziphindwe kabini eziziimfama ezithelekisa abathelekisi abasebenzayo kunye ne-placebo, i-2 yayililingo elivulekileyo leleyibhile vs unyango oluqhelekileyo, kwaye i-7 yayiyizilingo ezivulelekileyo ngaphandle kokuthelekisa.
  • IZIPHUMO:Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-PEA ifuna ukunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kweentlungu ezibuhlungu kakhulu kunokulawula.Ubungakanani bokunciphisa bulingana

Amanqaku e-1.04 rhoqo kwiiveki ze-2 kunye nokwahlukana kwe-35% yempendulo echazwe yimodeli yomgca.Ngokwahlukileyo, kwiintlungu zeqela elilawulayo, ubunzima bokunciphisa bulingana neengongoma ze-0.20 zonke iiveki ze-2 kunye ne-1% kuphela yentlukwano epheleleyo echazwe ngokunciphisa.Uqikelelo lwe-Kaplan-Meier lubonise amanqaku entlungu = i-3 kwi-81% ye-PEA ephathwayo izigulane xa kuthelekiswa ne-40.9% kuphela kwizigulane zokulawula ngosuku lwe-60 yonyango.Imiphumo ye-PEA yayizimeleyo kwiminyaka yesigulane okanye isini, kwaye ayihambelani nohlobo lwentlungu engapheliyo.

  • IMIDA:Kuyaphawuleka, iziganeko ezimbi kakhulu ezinxulumene ne-PEA azibhaliswanga kwaye/okanye zixelwe kulo naluphi na uphando.
  • ISIPHELO:Ezi ziphumo ziqinisekisa ukuba i-PEA inokumela isicwangciso esimnandi, esitsha sonyango lokulawula intlungu engapheliyo kunye ne-neuropathic

ezinxulumene neuroinflammation.

 

Ukunyanga iintlungu zokuLawula. 2014;2014:849623.

I-Micronized palmitoylethanolamide inciphisa iimpawu zentlungu ye-neuropathic kwizigulane ezinesifo seswekile.

  • Uphononongo lwangoku luvavanye ukusebenza kwe

i-micronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA-m) unyango ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezibuhlungu ezifunyanwa ngabaguli abanesifo seswekile abane-peripheral neuropathy.

  • I-PEA-m yayilawulwa (300 mg kabini imihla ngemihla) kwizigulane ze-30 zesifo seswekile

ukhathazwa yi-diabetes neuropathy ebuhlungu.

  • Ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale, emva kwe-30 kunye neentsuku ze-60 ezi parameters zilandelayo zavavanywa: iimpawu ezibuhlungu ze-diabetic peripheral neuropathy usebenzisa i-Michigan Neuropathy Screening instrument;ubukhulu beempawu zeempawu zesifo seswekile se-neuropathic intlungu yi-Total Symptom Score;kunye nokuqina kwee-subcategories ezahlukeneyo zeentlungu ze-neuropathic yi-Neuropathic Pain Symptoms Inventory.Uvavanyo lwe-Hematological kunye ne-chemistry yegazi lokuvavanya ulawulo lwe-metabolic kunye nokhuseleko lwenziwa kwakhona.
  • Uhlalutyo lwamanani (ANOVA) lubonise ukunciphisa okubalulekileyo kakhulu kwintlungu ebuhlungu (P <0.0001) kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nazo (P <0.0001) ezihlolwe yi-Michigan Neuropathy Isixhobo sokuHlola, iNqaku elipheleleyo leSimpawu, kunye ne-Neuropathic Pain Symptoms Inventory.
  • Uhlalutyo lwe-Hematological kunye nomchamo aluzange lubonise naluphi na utshintsho oluhambelana nonyango lwe-PEA-m, kwaye akukho ziganeko ezimbi ezibikiweyo.
  • Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-PEA-m inokuthathwa njengonyango olutsha oluthembisayo nolunyamezelwa kakuhle lwe-symptomatology efunyanwa ngabaguli abanesifo seswekile abaphethwe yi-peripheral neuropathy.

 

J Iintlungu Res. 2015 Okt 23;8:729-34.

I-Palmitoylethanolamide, i-neutraceutical, kwi-syndromes yoxinzelelo lwe-nerve: ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko kwiintlungu ze-sciatic kunye ne-carpal tunnel syndrome.

 

 

 

  • Apha sichaza iziphumo zazo zonke izilingo zeklinikhi ezivavanya ukusebenza kwe-PEA kunye nokhuseleko kwi-syndromes ye-nerve compression syndromes: intlungu ye-sciatic kunye neentlungu ngenxa ye-carpal tunnel syndrome, kunye nokuphonononga ubungqina be-preclinical kwiimodeli ze-nerve impingement.
    • Lilonke, izilingo ezisibhozo zeklinikhi ziye zapapashwa kwii-syndromes ezinjalo ze-entrapment, kwaye izigulane ze-1,366 zibandakanyiwe kwezi zilingo.
    • Kwi-pivotal, i-double blind blind, ilingo elilawulwa yi-placebo kwizigulane ze-636 ze-sciatic, inani elifunekayo ukunyanga ukufikelela kwi-50% yokunciphisa intlungu xa kuthelekiswa nesiseko yi-1.5 emva kweeveki ze-3 zonyango.
    • I-PEA ibonakalise ukuba isebenza kwaye ikhuselekile kwi-syndromes yoxinzelelo lwe-nerve, akukho ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi okanye iziphumo ezibi eziye zachazwa.
    • I-PEA kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo njengonyango olutsha nolukhuselekileyo lwe-syndromes yoxinzelelo lwe-nerve.
      • Ekubeni i-co-analgesic pregabaline isoloko ichaziwe ibonakalisiwe

ukungasebenzi kwiintlungu ze-sciatic kulingo lokutyebisa oluyimfama kabini.

  • Oogqirha abasoloko beqaphela i-PEA njengendlela efanelekileyo kunye nekhuselekileyo kwi-opioids kunye ne-co-analgesics kunyango lwentlungu ye-neuropathic.

 

 

I-NNT ye-PEA ukufikelela kwi-50%

ukunciphisa intlungu

 

I-PEA, i-palmitoylethanolamide;I-VAS, isikali se-analog ebonakalayo;NNT, inani elifunekayo ukunyanga

 

Iintlungu Ther. 2015 Dec;4(2):169-78.

I-Palmitoylethanolamide kwi-Fibromyalgia: Iziphumo ezivela kwi-Prospective and Retrospective Observational Studies.

 

 

(i-duloxetine + pregabalin)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ukuncitshiswa kwenani lamanqaku ethenda avumayo

 

 

 

Ukunciphisa ubunzima bentlungu ngomlinganiselo we-VAS.

 

Iithagethi zeziyobisi ze-CNS Neurol Disord. 2017 Mar 21.

I-palmitoylethanolamide ene-Ultra-micronized: unyango olusebenzayo lwe-adjuvant kwisifo sika-Parkinson.

IMVELAPHI:Isifo sikaParkinson (PD) ngumxholo wemizamo enzulu yokuphuhlisa iindlela ezicothayo okanye ezinqanda ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kunye nokukhubazeka.Ubungqina obuninzi bukhomba indima ebalulekileyo ye-neuroinflammation kwisiseko sokufa kweseli ye-dopaminergic.I-Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA) iyaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukukhuthaza isisombululo se-neuroinflammation kunye nokusebenzisa i-neuroprotection.Olu pho nonongo lwenzelwe ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-um-PEA njengonyango lwe-adjuvant kwizigulane ezine-PD ephezulu.

IIINDLELA:Izigulane zePD ezingamashumi amathathu ezifumana i-levodopa zibandakanyiwe kuphononongo.Uhlaziyo lwemibuzo-mibuzo yeMovement Disorder Society/Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) yasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iimpawu zemoto nezingezizo iimoto.Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lwenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokongezwa kwe-um-PEA (600 mg).I-questionnaire ye-MDS-UPDRS itotali yamanqaku ecandelo I, II, III, kunye ne-IV yahlalutywa kusetyenziswa iModeli eDityanisiweyo yoMlayini eDityanisiweyo, ilandelwa luvavanyo lwenqanaba esayiniweyo leWilcoxon ukuvavanya umahluko wenqaku ngalinye eliphakathi kwesiseko kunye nesiphelo se-um-PEA. unyango.

IZIPHUMO:Ukongezwa kwe-um-PEA kwizigulane ze-PD ezifumana unyango lwe-levodopa zenze ukunciphisa okuphawulekayo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba le-MDS-UPRSS (inxalenye I, II, III kunye ne-IV).Kwinto nganye, umahluko wamanqaku aphakathi phakathi kwesiseko kunye nokuphela konyango lwe-um-PEA lubonise ukunciphisa okukhulu kwiimpawu ezininzi ezingezizo iimoto kunye neemoto.Inani lezigulane ezineempawu kwi-basal zancitshiswa emva konyaka omnye wonyango lwe-um-PEA.Akukho namnye kubathathi-nxaxheba abachaze iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa ukongezwa kwe-um-PEA.

ISIPHELO:Um-PEA wacotha ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kunye nokukhubazeka kwizigulane ze-PD, ephakamisa ukuba i-um-PEA inokuba lunyango olusebenzayo lwe-adjuvant ye-PD.

 

Minerva Ginecol. 2015 Okt;67(5):413-9.

Intlungu engapheliyo ye-pelvic, umgangatho wobomi kunye nempilo yesondo yabasetyhini abaphathwa nge-palmitoylethanolamide kunye ne-α-lipoic acid.

  • Injongo yeli phepha yayikukuphonononga iziphumo zombutho

phakathi kwe-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) kunye ne-α-lipoic acid (LA) kumgangatho wobomi (QoL) kunye nomsebenzi wesondo kubasetyhini abachatshazelwa yi-endometriosis-ehambelana nentlungu ye-pelvic.

  • Abafazi abangamashumi amahlanu anesithandathu bayile iqela lophononongo kwaye banikwa i-PEA 300 mg kunye ne-LA 300mg kabini yonke imihla.
  • Ukuchaza intlungu ye-pelvic ehambelana ne-endometriosis, i-visual analogic scale (VAS) isetyenziswe.Ifom emfutshane ye-36 (SF-36), i-Index ye-Sexual Function Index (FSFI) kunye ne-Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS) yayisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya i-QoL, umsebenzi wesondo kunye noxinzelelo lwezesondo, ngokulandelanayo.Uphononongo lubandakanya ukulandelwa okuthathu kwi-3, i-6 kunye neenyanga ze-9.
  • Akukho zinguqu zibonwe kwiintlungu, i-QoL kunye nomsebenzi wesondo kwi-3rd inyanga yokulandelelana (P = NS).Ngenyanga ye-6 kunye ne-9, iimpawu zentlungu (P <0.001) kunye nazo zonke iindidi zeQoL (P <0.001) ziphuculwe.I-FSFI kunye namanqaku e-FSDS awazange atshintshe kwi-3rd inyanga yokulandelelana (P=ns).Ngokuchasene noko, kwii-3rd kunye ne-9th iinyanga zokulandelelana ziphuculwe ngokubhekiselele kwisiseko (P <0.001).
  • Ukunciphisa okuqhubekayo kwe-syndrome yentlungu echazwe ngabasetyhini ngexesha lonyango kunokufaka isandla ekuphuculeni i-QoL kunye nobomi bezesondo zabasetyhini kwi-PEA kunye ne-LA.

 

Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2017 Mar 31;89(1):17-21.

Ukusebenza kombutho wepalmitoylethanolamide kunye ne-alpha-lipoic acid kwizigulane ezine-prostatitis engapheliyo / isifo esingapheliyo se-pelvic syndrome: uvavanyo lweklinikhi olungahleliwe.

  • IMVELAPHI:I-prostatitis engapheliyo / i-syndrome ye-pelvic engapheliyo (CP / CPPS) yimeko enzima, ebonakaliswe yi-etiology engaqinisekanga kunye nokuphendula okulinganiselweyo kunyango.Inkcazo ye-CP / CPPS ibandakanya intlungu ye-genitourinary kunye okanye ngaphandle kweempawu zokuvala ukungabikho kwebhaktheriya ye-uropathogenic, njengoko ifunyenwe ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo ze-microbiological, okanye esinye isizathu esichongwayo esifana nobubi.Ukusebenza kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kuye kwavavanywa kwizifundo zeklinikhi, kodwa ubungqina abukho okanye buphikisana.Siqhathanise i-Serenoa Repens kwi-monotherapy versus Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ngokudibanisa ne-Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) kwaye ivavanya ukuphumelela kolu nyango kwizigulane ezine-CP / CPPS.
  • IIINDLELA:Senze ulingo olungenamkhethe, olungaboniyo olunye.Izigulane ze-44 ezifunyanwe zine-CP / CPPS (iminyaka yobudala

I-41.32 ± 1.686 iminyaka) yabelwa ngokungenamkhethe kunyango kunye nePalmitoylethanolamide 300 mg kunye ne-Alpha- lipoic acid 300 mg (Peanase®), okanye i-Serenoa Repens kwi-320 mg.Iimibuzo ezintathu (i-NIH-CPSI, i-IPSS kunye ne-IEF5) zilawulwa kwisiseko kwaye emva kweeveki ze-12 zonyango kwiqela ngalinye.

  • IZIPHUMO:Unyango lweveki ye-12 kunye ne-Peanase iphucule kakhulu inqaku le-IPSS xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo lonyango kunye ne-Serenoa Repens, kwaye yanciphisa kakhulu amanqaku e-NIH-CPSI.Iziphumo ezifanayo zabonwa kwii-subscores ezahlukeneyo ze-NIH-CPSI zidiliza.Nangona kunjalo, unyango olufanayo aluzange lubangele uphuculo oluphawulekayo lwamanqaku e-IEF5.Omabini unyango aluzange luvelise iziphumo ezingathandekiyo.
  • IZIGQIBO: Iziphumo ezikhoyo zibhala ukusebenza kombutho wePalmitoylethanolamide (PEA) kunye ne-Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) elawulwa kwiiveki ze-12 zokunyanga izigulane nge-CP / CPPS, xa kuthelekiswa ne-Serenoa Repens monotherapy.

 

I-Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Feb 6.

Ulingo lweklinikhi olungahleliwe: iipropathi ze-analgesic zeukutya ukongeza

ngepalmitoylethanolamide kunye ne-polydatin kwi-syndrome yamathumbu enomsindo.

 

  • IMVELAPHI:Ukusebenza kwamathumbu omzimba kubandakanyeka kwi-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology.Ngelixa uninzi lweendlela zokutya kwi-IBS zibandakanya ukuphepha ukutya, kukho imiqondiso embalwa yokongezwa kokutya.I-Palmithoylethanolamide, ehambelana nesakhiwo se-endocannabinoid anandamide, kunye ne-polydatin zikhompawundi zokutya ezisebenza ngokubambisana ukunciphisa ukusebenza kweseli ye-mast.
  • INJONGO:Ukuvavanya umphumo kwi-mast cell count kunye nokusebenza kwepalmithoylethanolamide / polydatin kwizigulane ezine-IBS.
  • IIINDLELA:Senze i-pilot, i-12-iveki, i-randomized, i-double-blind-blind, i-placebo-controlled, i-multicentre iphonononga umphumo we-palmithoylethanolamide / polydatin 200 mg / 20 mg okanye i-placebo bd kwi-low-grade immune activation, inkqubo ye-endocannabinoid kunye neempawu kwizigulane ze-IBS. .Iisampulu ze-Biopsy, ezifunyenwe kutyelelo lokuhlola kwaye ekupheleni kophononongo, zahlalutywa yi-immunohistochemistry, i-enzyme-linked immunoassay, i-chromatography yolwelo kunye ne-Western blot.
  • IZIPHUMO:Iyonke izigulane ze-54 ezine-IBS kunye ne-12 yolawulo olunempilo yabhaliswa ukusuka kumaziko amahlanu aseYurophu.Xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo, izigulane ze-IBS zibonise izibalo eziphezulu ze-mucosal mast cell (3.2 ± 1.3 vs. 5.3 ± 2.7%),

P = 0.013), ukunciphisa i-fatty acid amide oleoylethanolamide (12.7 ± 9.8 vs. 45.8 ± 55.6 pmol / mg, P = 0.002) kunye nokunyuka kwenkcazo ye-2 ye-cannabinoid receptor (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.8, ± 0.8, P).Unyango alukhange luyiguqule kakhulu iprofayile yebhayoloji ye-IBS, kuquka nokubalwa kweeseli zemast.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-placebo, i-palmithoylethanolamide / i-polydatin iphucule ngokuphawulekayo intlungu yentlungu yesisu (P <0.05).

  • IZIGQIBO:Impembelelo ephawulekayo yesondlo sokutya i-palmithoylethanolamide / i-polydatin kwiintlungu zesisu kwizigulane ezine-IBS zibonisa ukuba le yindlela yendalo ethembisayo yokulawula intlungu kule meko.Uphononongo olongezelelweyo ngoku luyafuneka ukuba lucacise indlela yokusebenza kwe-palmithoylethanolamide/polydatin kwi-IBS.Inombolo yeClinicalTrials.gov,NCT01370720.

 

Transl Stroke Res. 2016 Feb;7(1):54-69.

I-Co-ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide / Luteolin kuNyango lweCerebral Ischemia: ukusuka kwiRodent ukuya kuMntu.

 

 

 

Izigulane zanikwa iGlialia® kangangeentsuku ezingama-60.

Amaxabiso e-Barthel Index ayeyi-26.6 ± 1.69, 48.3 ± 1.91, kunye ne-60.5 ± 1.95 kwi-T0 (242

izigulane), i-T30 (izigulane ezingama-229), kunye ne-T60 (218

izigulane), ngokulandelelanayo.

Kwakukho umahluko omkhulu kuphuculo phakathi kwe-T0 kunye ne-T30 (***p<0.0001) naphakathi kwe-T0 kunye ne-T60 (###p< 0.0001).Ngaphezu koko, bekukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-T30 kunye ne-T60 (p< 0.0001).

Izigulana ezingabasetyhini zibonise amanqaku aphantsi kunamadoda, kwaye ukukhubazeka kwakubi kakhulu kwizigulana ezilaliswayo

 

Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016 Sep 27;10:3133-3141.

I-Resolvins kunye ne-aliamide: i-lipid autacoids kwi-ophthalmology - sisiphi isithembiso abanaso?

  • I-Resolvins (i-Rvs) ludidi lwenoveliiimolekyuli ze-endogenous ze-lipid(i-autacoids) eneempawu ezinamandla ze-immunomodulating, ezilawula isigaba sesisombululo sokuphendula okusebenzayo komzimba.
    • Ezi zinto zokumodareyitha ziveliswa ekuhlaleni, ziphembelela umsebenzi weeseli kunye / okanye izicubu, eziveliswa ngokwemfuno kwaye emva koko zifakwe i-metabolized kwiiseli ezifanayo kunye / okanye izicubu.
    • I-pharmacology ye-Autacoid, ephuhliswe kwi-1970s, iziyobisi ze-autacoid mhlawumbi ziyi-compounds zomzimba ngokwazo okanye izandulela okanye ezinye izinto eziphuma kuzo, ngokufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwikhemikhali elula, njenge-5-hydroxytryptophan, isandulela se-serotonin.
    • Umsebenzi ophambili wee-autacoids zezi klasi kukuthintela i-hyperactivated immune cascades kwaye ngaloo ndlela isebenze njengophawu "lokuyeka" kwiinkqubo zokudumba kungenjalo ibe yi-pathological.
      • Kwi-1993, i-Nobel laureate uRita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012) waqulunqa igama elithi "aliamides" kwiikhompawundi ezinjalo, ngelixa esebenza kwi-inhibiting and modulating role of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) kwiiseli ze-mast ezigqithisileyo.
      • Ingqikelelo yee-aliamide ithathwe kwi-acronymI-ALIA: ukudumba kwe-autocoid yendawo umchasi.
      • Eli gama lifumene indlela yalo kwintsimi yeN-i-acetylethanolamides autacoids, njenge-PEA, nangona "i-aliamide" yachazwa nguLevi-Montalcini njengengcamango yesitya kuzo zonke i-lipid-inhibiting kunye -modulating mediators.Oko kuya kubandakanya ii-Rvs, iiprotein, kunye ne-maresins.
      • I-Rvs i-metabolites ye-polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acids: i-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), i-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), kunye ne-docosapentaenoic acid (DPA).
        • Iimetabolites ze-EPA zibizwa ngokuba zii-E Rvs (RvEs), ezo ze-DHA zibizwa ngokuba zii-D Rvs (RvDs), kwaye ezo ze-DPA zibizwa ngokuba zii-Rvs D.

(RvDsn-3DPA) kunye ne-Rvs T (RvTs).

  • Iiprotheni kunye ne-maresins ziphuma kwi-ω-3 fatty acid DHA.

 

J Ophthalmol. 2015;2015:430596.

I-Palmitoylethanolamide, i-Retinoprotectant yeNdalo: Ukubaluleka kwayo kokuPhatha kweGlaucoma kunye ne-Diabetic Retinopathy.

 

 

I-retinopathy iyingozi emehlweni, kwaye i-glaucoma kunye nesifo seswekile zezona zizathu zokonakaliswa kweeseli ze-retinal.Ukuqonda kwamva nje kubonise indlela eqhelekileyo ye-pathogenetic yazo zombini iziphazamiso, ngokusekelwe ekudumbeni okungapheliyo.

I-PEA ivavanyelwe i-glaucoma, i-retinopathy yesifo seswekile, kunye ne-uveitis, iimeko ze-pathological ezisekelwe kukuvuvukala okungapheliyo, ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla, kunye neentlungu ezahlukeneyo zentlungu kwinani lezilingo zeklinikhi ukususela kwi-70 ye-20th inkulungwane.

I-PEA ivavanyiwe ubuncinane kwizifundo ezilawulwa yi-placebo eziyi-9 ezingaboniyo, phakathi kwazo izifundo ezibini zazikwi-glaucoma, kwaye zifunyenwe zikhuselekile kwaye zisebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.8 g / ngosuku, kunye nokunyamezela okugqwesileyo.I-PEA ke ibambe isithembiso kunyango lwenani le-retinopathy.

I-PEA ifumaneka njengesongezelelo sokutya (i-PeaPure) kunye nokutya kokutya kwiinjongo zonyango e-Italy (i-Normast, i-PeaVera, kunye ne-Visimast).

Ezi mveliso zaziswe e-Italiya ngenkxaso yesondlo kwi-glaucoma kunye ne-neuroinflammation.Sixoxa nge-PEA njenge- putative anti-inflammatory and retinoprotectant compound kunyango lwe-retinopathies, ngakumbi ehambelana ne-glaucoma kunye nesifo sikashukela.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iithagethi ezahlukeneyo zeemolekyuli zePEA.I-PPAR: i-peroxisome proliferator isebenze i-receptor;I-GPR-55: I-119-inkedama ye-G-protein edibeneyo i-receptors;I-CCL: i-chemokine ligand;COX: cyclooxygenase;iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase;I-TRPV: i-receptor yesikhashana enokubakho i-cation channel subfamily V;IL: interleukin;I-Kv1.5,4.3: Imijelo yombane we-potassium enegesi;Umnxeba-4 R: i-toll-like receptor.

 

Clin Interv Ukuguga. 2014 Jul 17; 9: 1163-9.

I-N-palmitoylethanolamine kunye ne-N-acetylethanolamine zisebenza kakuhle kwi-eczema ye-asteatotic: iziphumo ze-randomized, i-double-blind-blind, isifundo esilawulwayo kwizigulane ze-60.

 

 

 

 

  • IMVELAPHI:I-asteatotic eczema (AE) ibonakala ngokurhawuzelelwa, komile, kurhabaxa, kunye nokunyuka kwesikhumba.Unyango lwe-AE luninzi lwezinyibilikisi, ezidla ngokuba ne-urea, i-lactic acid, okanye ityuwa yelactate.I-N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA) kunye ne-N- acetylethanolamine (AEA) zombini i-lipids engapheliyo esetyenziswa njengezixhobo zonyango zonyango kunyango lwezifo ezininzi zesikhumba.Injongo yolu phononongo yayikukuthelekisa i-PEA / AEA emollient kunye ne-emollient yendabuko kunyango lwe-AE.
  • IIINDLELA:I-monocentric, i-randomized, i-double-blind-blind, uvavanyo oluthelekisayo lwenziwa kwizigulane ze-60 ze-AE ukuvavanya nokuthelekisa ukusebenza kwe-emollients ezimbini.Umgangatho wokomisa kwesikhumba phakathi kwezifundo ukusuka kwi-mild to moderate.Umsebenzi wothintelo lwesikhumba wezifundo kunye nomda wembono wangoku wavavanywa kangangeentsuku ezingama-28 ngamanqaku ekliniki kunye nobuchwepheshe be-bioengineering.
  • IZIPHUMO:Iziphumo zibonise ukuba, nangona ezinye iinkalo ziphuculwe kumaqela omabini, iqela elisebenzisa i-emollient equkethe i-PEA / AEA ibonise utshintsho olungcono lwesikhumba kwi-capacitance.Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ifunyenweyo yayiyikhono le-PEA / AEA emollient yokwandisa i-5 Hz i-perception threshold yangoku ukuya kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo emva kweentsuku ze-7, kunye nokwahlukana okukhulu phakathi kwamaxabiso kwisiseko nangemva kweentsuku ze-14.Umbono okhoyo ngoku we-5 Hz wawulungele kwaye uhambelana ngokuphawulekayo kunye ne-skin surface hydration kwaye ihambelana kakubi nokulahlekelwa kwamanzi e-transepidermal kwiqela le-PEA / AEA emollient.
  • ISIPHELO: Xa kuthelekiswa ne-emollients yendabuko, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-PEA / AEA emollient ye-topical inokuphucula imisebenzi yolusu esebenzayo kunye nesebenzayo ngaxeshanye.

 

 

Utshintsho kwi-skin surface hydration ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-28

 

 

 

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-emollient yendabuko, i-PEA / AEA emollient inokulawula ngaxeshanye zombini "i-passive" kunye "nemisebenzi esebenzayo" yesikhumba, kubandakanywa ukuvuselelwa kwesikhumba kunye nokubuyiselwa kwe-lipid lamellae, ukuvakalelwa kwesikhumba, kunye nobuchule bomzimba.

 

 

Isebenza njani iPEA

  • Indlela (ii) zentshukumo yeI-PEA ibandakanyaiziphumo zayo kwinyukliyaumamkeliPPARA(UGabrielsson et al., 2016).
  • Ikwabandakanya iiseli zemast, i-cannabinoidumamkeliuhlobo 2 (CB2)-njengayei-cannabinoidabamkeli,ATP-Imijelo ye-potassium ebuthathaka, edlulayoumamkeliamajelo anokubakho (TRP), kunye nenyukliyaintokapha B (NFkB).
  • Ingaichaphazelaumqondiso we-endocannabinoid ngokusebenza njengokhuphiswanosubstrate yei-endocannabinoid homologue anandamide (N- arachidonoylethanolamine).
  • I-Gut-brain axis: Indima yelipids kwi ukulawulwa kokuvuvukala, intlungu kunye ne-CNS izifo.

 

 

 

 

 

 

UCurr Med Chem. 2017 Feb

16.

I-Gut-brain axis: Indima ye-lipids ekulawuleni ukuvuvukala, intlungu kunye nezifo ze-CNS.

 

 

 

 

 

 

  • Amathumbu omntu yindawo edibeneyo ye-anaerobic ene-enteric microbiota enkulu, eyohlukeneyo kwaye eguqukayo, emelwe ngaphezu kwe-100 yetriliyoni ye-microorganisms, kuquka ubuncinane ne-1000 yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
  • Ukufumanisa ukuba ukubunjwa kwe-microbial eyahlukileyo kunokuchaphazela ukuziphatha kunye nokuqonda, kwaye inkqubo ye-nervous inokuchaphazela ngokungangqalanga ukubunjwa kwe-enteric microbiota, ibe negalelo elikhulu ekusekeni ingcamango eyamkelwe kakuhle ye-axis ye-gut-brain.

 

  • Le ngcamango ixhaswa bubungqina obuninzi obubonisa iindlela zokubambisana, ezibandakanya i-nerve engacacanga, i-immune system, i-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) i-axis modulation kunye ne-bacteria-derived.

metabolites.

 

  • Uphononongo oluninzi lugxile ekuchazeni indima yalo mba wezempilo kunye nempilo, ukusukela kwiziphazamiso ezinxulumene noxinzelelo olunjengoxinzelelo, ukuxhalaba kunye nesifo samathumbu (IBS) ukuya kwiziphazamiso ze-neurodevelopmental, ezifana ne-autism, kunye nezifo ze-neurodeergenerative, ezinje ngeParkinson. Isifo, isifo se-Alzheimer njl.

 

  • Ngokusekelwe kule mvelaphi, kunye nokuqwalasela ukufaneleka kokuguqulwa kwemeko ye-symbiotic phakathi komkhosi kunye ne-microbiota, olu hlaziyo lujolise kwindima kunye nokubandakanyeka kwe-lipids ye-bioactive, njengentsapho ye-N-acylethanolamine (NAE) amalungu ayo aphambili yi-N-arachidonoylethanolamine. (AEA), i-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) kunye ne-oleoilethanolamide (OEA), kunye ne-chain chain fatty acids (SCFAs), njenge-butyrate, eyeqela elikhulu le-lipids ye-bioactive ekwazi ukumodareyitha iinkqubo ze-peripheral kunye ne-central pathologic.

 

  • Kusekwe kakuhle indima yabo esebenzayo ekudumbeni, iintlungu ezibukhali nezingapheliyo, ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nezifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.Kuye kwaboniswa ukulungelelaniswa okunokwenzeka phakathi kwezi lipids kunye ne-gut microbiota ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.Enyanisweni, ukulawulwa kwenkqubo yeebhaktheriya ezithile kunokunciphisa intlungu yesisu ngokubandakanyeka kwe-cannabinoid receptor 1 kwi-rat;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-PEA inciphisa iimpawu zokuvuvukala kwimodeli ye-murine ye-inflammation bowel disease (IBD), kunye ne-butyrate, eveliswa yi-gut microbiota, iyasebenza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kunye neentlungu zesifo se-bowel syndrome kunye neemodeli zezilwanyana ze-IBD.

 

  • Kolu hlaziyo, sigxininisa ubudlelwane phakathi kokuvuvukala, intlungu, i-microbiota kunye ne-lipids eyahlukileyo, egxininisa ukubandakanyeka okunokwenzeka kwe-NAEs kunye ne-SCFAs kwi-gut-brain axis kunye nendima yabo kwizifo zenkqubo ye-nervous central.

 

Iziphumo zepalmitoylethanolamide (PEA) kwi-Akt/mTOR/p70S6K i-axis activation kunye ne-HIF-1α yokubonakaliswa kwi-DSS-induced colitis kunye ne-ulcerative colitis.

 

 

 

I-PLoS enye.2016;11(5): e0156198.

 

 

 

I-Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) inqanda i-angiogenesis ehambelana ne-colitis kwiigundane.(A) I-DSS-induced colitis ibangele ukwanda okukhulu kwe-Hb-content kwi-colonic mucosa, i-PEA iyakwazi ukunciphisa, ngendlela exhomekeke kwi-dose, i-Hb-content in colitis mice;lo mphumo uqhubekile phambi komphikisi we-PPARγ (GW9662) ngelixa utshitshiswa ngumchasi we-PPARα (MK866).(B) Imifanekiso ye-Immunohistochemical ebonisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-CD31 kwi-colonic mucosa yeempuku ezingaphathwanga (iphaneli ye-1), i-DSS-treatated mice colonic mucosa (iphaneli ye-2), i-DSS-treatated mice colonic mucosa phambi kwe-PEA (10 mg / Kg) yodwa (iphaneli 3), i-PEA (10 mg / Kg) kunye ne-MK866 10 mg / Kg (iphaneli ye-4), kunye ne-PEA (10 mg / Kg) kunye ne-GW9662 1 mg / Kg (iphaneli 5).Ukwandiswa kwe-20X;isikali bar: 100μm.Igrafu ishwankathela ubungakanani obunxulumene nenkcazo ye-CD31 (%) kwi-mice colonic mucosa kumaqela afanayo okulinga, ebonisa ukunciphisa i-CD31 ibonakaliso kwiigundane ze-colitic emva kokulawulwa kwe-PEA, ngaphandle kweqela elikwaphathwa kunye nomchasi we-PPARα.

(C) Ukukhutshwa kwe-VEGF kubangele ukwanda kweegundane eziphathwe nge-DSS kwaye yancitshiswa kakhulu ngonyango lwe-PEA ngendlela exhomekeke kwi-PPARα.(D) Uhlalutyo lweblothi lwaseNtshona kunye

uhlalutyo lwe-densitometric ehambelanayo (iiyunithi ezingaqhelekanga eziqhelekileyo ekubonakalisweni kweprotheyini yokugcina indlu ye-β-actin) ye-VEGF-receptor (VEGF-R) inkcazo, ebonisa iziphumo ezifanayo kwi-VEGF yokukhululwa.Iziphumo zivakaliswa njengentsingiselo±SD.*p<0.05, **p<0.01 kunye ne-**p<0.001 ngokuchasene neempuku eziphathwe nge-DSS

I-PLoS enye.2016;11(5): e0156198.

 

Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 23;7(1):375.

I-Palmitoylethanolamide yenza utshintsho lwe-microglia oluhambelana nokunyuka kokufuduka kunye nomsebenzi we-phagocytic: ukubandakanyeka kwe-CB2 receptor.

 

  • I-endogenous fatty acid amide palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ibonakaliswe ukuba isebenzise izenzo ezichasayo ngokuyinhloko ngokuthintela ukukhutshwa kwee-molecule ze-pro-inflammatory kwiiseli ze-mast, i-monocytes kunye ne-macrophages.Ukusebenza ngokungathanga ngqo kwenkqubo ye-endocannabinoid (eCB) iphakathi kweendlela ezininzi zokwenza izinto ezicetywayo ukuba zibe phantsi kweempembelelo ezahlukeneyo ze-PEA kwi-vivo.
  • Kolu phononongo, sisebenzise i-rat microglia ekhulisiwe kunye ne-macrophages yabantu ukuvavanya ukuba i-PEA ichaphazela ukubonakaliswa kwe-eCB.
  • I-PEA ifunyenwe ukwandisa i-CB2 mRNA kunye nokubonakaliswa kweprotheni ngokusebenzisa i-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) activation.
    • Le noveli yendlela yolawulo yofuzo yabonakaliswa ngolu hlobo: (i)

I-pharmacological PPAR-α manipulation, (ii) PPAR-α mRNA ukuthula,

(iii) ichromatin immunoprecipitation.

  • Ngaphezu koko, ukuvezwa kwe-PEA kubangele utshintsho lwe-morphological ezinxulumene ne-phenotype esebenzayo ye-microglial, kubandakanya ukwanda kwe-phagocytosis kunye nomsebenzi wokufuduka.
  • Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukulawulwa ngokungathanga ngqo kwenkcazo ye-microglial CB2R njengendlela entsha enokwenzeka ephantsi kweziphumo ze-PEA.I-PEA inokuphononongwa njengesixhobo esiluncedo sokuthintela / ukunyanga iimpawu ezinxulumene neuroinflammation kwiingxaki ze-CNS.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Imodeli ye-2-AG ye-metabolism kunye negalelo layo elinokwenzeka kwiintlungu zasemva kokusebenza.Ii-enzyme ezidibanisa i-2-AG metabolism.I-2-AG imetabolism iyenzeka ngokuyinhloko nge-hydrolysis nge-monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), ivelisa i-arachidonic acid, ethi emva koko iguqulwe ibe yi-eicosanoids nge-COX kunye ne-LOX enzymes.Ukongezelela, i-2-AG inokuthi ifakwe kwi-prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG-Gs) nge-COX-2 kunye ne-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid glycerol esters (HETE-Gs) nge-LOX enzymes.

 

 

Iintlungu. 2015 Feb;156(2):341-7.

 

Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2017 Feb 27;5(2):e00300.

I-anti-inflammatory compound palmitoylethanolamide inqanda i-prostaglandin kunye nemveliso ye-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid nge-macrophage cell line.

 

Impembelelo ye-PEA kumanqanaba e-(A) PGD2;(B) PGE2;(C) 11-HETE;(D) 15-HETE;(E) 9-HODE kunye (F) 13-HODE kwi

LPS + IFNγ-iphathwa RAW264.7 iiseli.

Iiseli (2.5 × 105 kwiqula ngalinye) zongezwa kwiipleyiti zamaqula amathandathu aneLPS (0.1μg/mL kakuhle) kunye ne-INFγ (100 U / mL) kwaye ikhuliswe kwi-37 ° C kwi-24 h.I-PEA (3μi-mol/L, i-P3;okanye 10μmol/L, P10) okanye isithuthi songezwa mhlawumbi ekuqaleni kweli xesha lokulima (“24 h”) okanye imizuzu engama-30 emva kwe-LPS + INF.γ isigaba se-incubation ("imizuzu engama-30").

IP amaxabiso asuka kwimifuziselo yomgama kwiziphumo eziphambili zodwa (imigca emithathu ephezulu,ti = icandelo lexesha, kunye nemizuzu engama-30 njengexabiso lereferensi) okanye imodeli equka ukusebenzisana (ezantsi kwimiqolo emibini), ibalwe kusetyenziswat-usasazo olugqitywe yi-bootstrap kunye nesampulu yokutshintshwa (i-10,000 iterations) yedatha phantsi kwe-hypothesis engekho.Izinto ezingaphandle ezinokwenzeka nezinokwenzeka, eziphawulwe kwi-Boxplot (Tukey) iiploti, ziboniswa njengonxantathu kunye nezikwere ezibomvu, ngokulandelelanayo.Izinto ezinokuthi zibe kho zibandakanyiwe kuhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani, ngelixa i-probable outlier ayizange ibandakanywe.Imivalo imele amaxabiso aphakathi emva kokukhutshelwa ngaphandle komphandle onokwenzeka (n = 11–12).Kwi-11-HETE, iP amaxabiso esethi yedatha iyonke (okt ukuquka umphandle onokwenzeka) zazi:ti, 0.87;P3, 0.86;P10, 0.0020;ti × P3, 0,83;ti x P10, 0,93.

 

 

UKUSETYENZISWA KWE-PEA

 

  • I-PEA okwangoku ifumaneka kwihlabathi jikelele ngendlela yezongezelelo zokutya, ukutya kwezonyango, kunye / okanye i-nutraceuticals ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kunye nangaphandle kwe-excipients (Hesselink kunye ne-Kopsky, i-2015).
  • I-PEA ngoku ithengiselwa ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana (imeko zolusu, i-Redonyl™, yenziwe yi-Innovet) kwaye njengesondlo ebantwini (i-Normast™ kunye ne-Pelvilen™, eyenziwa yi-Epitech; i-PeaPure™, eyenziwe nguJP Russel Science Ltd.) kumazwe athile aseYurophu. (umzekelo, i-Italy, iSpain kunye ne-Netherlands) (uGabrielsson et al., 2016).
  • Ikwayinxalenye yekhrimu (iPhysiogel AI™, eyenziwe nguStiefel) ethengiswe ulusu olomileyo (Gabrielsson et al., 2016).
  • I-PEA ye-Ultramicronized ibhaliswe njengokutya kwiinjongo ezikhethekileyo nguMphathiswa wezeMpilo wase-Italiya kwaye ayibhalwanga ukuba isetyenziswe kwiintlungu ze-neuropathic (Andersen et al., 2015).
  • Ulawulo lokutya kunye neziyobisi (i-FDA) aluzange luhlolisise ukhuseleko lwe-PEA ngaphambili.Akukho migaqo e-US evunyelwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-PEA njengento yokongeza ukutya okanye i-GRAS into.

 

 

 

 

 

I-FDA kwi-Medical Food

• E-US, ukutya kwezonyango luhlobo lwemveliso ekhethekileyo elawulwa yi-FDA.

  • EYurophu, udidi olufanayo olubizwa ngokuba "Ukutya kwiiNjongo eziKhethekileyo zezoNyango" (FSMPs) lugutyungelwe ngumyalelo wokuTya kuSetyenziso oluKhethekileyo lweZondlo kwaye lulawulwa yiKhomishini yaseYurophu (EC).
  • Ngo-1988 i-FDA yenza amanyathelo okukhuthaza uphuhliso lwecandelo lokutya kwezonyango ngokuwonga iimveliso ngewonga lechiza eliyintandane.
    • Olu tshintsho olulawulayo lunciphisa iindleko kunye nexesha elihambelana nokuzisa ukutya kwezonyango kwiimarike, njengoko ukutya kwangaphambili kwezonyango kwakuphathwa njengamachiza amayeza.
    • Ukutya kwezonyango akufuneki ukuba kuphononongwe kwangaphambili okanye kuvunywe yi-FDA.Ukongeza, baxolelwe kwiimfuno zokuleyibhelishwa kwamabango ezempilo kunye namabango omxholo wezondlo phantsi kweNutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990.
      • Ngokungafaniyo nezongezo zokutya, ezithintelweyo ekwenzeni amabango ezifo kwaye zijoliswe kubantu abasempilweni, ukutya kwezonyango kujoliswe kubantu abathile bezifo.
      • Amabango ezifo kufuneka axhaswe bubungqina obuvakalayo benzululwazi obuxhasa amabango olawulo oluyimpumelelo lwezondlo zesi sifo.
      • Zonke izithako kufuneka zivunywe izongezo zokutya okanye zihlelwe njenge-GRAS.

 

 

I-FDA kwi-Medical Food

 

  • I-US FDA ichaza ukutya kwezonyango njengodidi lwezinto ezijoliswe ekulawuleni ukutya kweklinikhi kwimeko ethile okanye isifo.Iikhrayitheriya ezikhethekileyo eziyimfuneko ukufumana olu bizo lwe-FDA lubandakanya ukuba imveliso kufuneka ibe:
    • Ukutya okulungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukungeniswa ngomlomo okanye ukungena;
    • Kulawulo lokutya lweklinikhi lwengxaki ethile yezonyango, isifo okanye imeko engaqhelekanga apho kukho iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zesondlo;
    • Yenziwe ngezithako eziQhelekileyo eziQondwa njengeziKhuselekileyo (GRAS);
    • Ngokuthobela imimiselo ye-FDA ebhekiselele kwileyibheli, amabango emveliso kunye

imveliso.

  • Njengodidi lonyango, ukutya kwezonyango kwahlukile kuzo zombini iziyobisi kunye nezongezelelo.
    • Iileyibhile kufuneka iquke ibinzana elithi, "elizakusetyenziswa phantsi kweliso lonyango," njengoko ukutya kwezonyango kuveliswa phantsi kweendlela eziqinileyo zokwenziwa kunye nokugcina imigangatho ephezulu yokuleyibheli.

 

Ngaba ukutya kwezonyango yindlela enkulu elandelayo yokutya okupakishweyo?

  • Amathuba kwicandelo lokutya kwezonyango ayakhula;imarike kuqikelelwa ukuba $15 billion, ngokutshoIUdongaIsitalato Ijenali.
  • Iinkampani ezinkulu zokutya, kuquka iNestle kunye neHormel, zenza utyalo-mali kwi-R&D kunye nemigca yemveliso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango nezondlo.
    • I-Nestle ikhuphe aI-500 yezigidi zebhajethi ukuxhasa uphando lokutya kwezonyango ngo-2021.
    • Ngokubhekiselele kumceli mngeni, ukufumana isayensi echanekileyo kunye nokufumana intembeko kumsebenzi wokhathalelo lwempilo kuya kubonakala kungundoqo
      • Abavelisi bezithako kufuneka bahambisane nophando kwisayensi yezonyango kwaye banxibelelane neeyunivesithi zophando ukuze bazibandakanye, nokuba kukuxhasa uphando okanye ukufumana ulwazi oluphambili.

 

Imizekelo ekhethekileyo yokutya kwezonyango ezithengisiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo

-i-osteopenia kwayei-osteoporosis[8]

 

I-PEA: Ukuziqinisekisa nge-GRAS (isithako sokutya samayeza)


Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-15-2019