Kuyera KwambiriSqualane92% ndi GC-MS Analysis: Mafotokozedwe Aukadaulo, Mapulogalamu, ndi Chitetezo
Wotsimikizika pa Zodzoladzola, Zamankhwala, ndi Kafukufuku wa Biofuel
1. Mwachidule cha mankhwala
Squalane92% (CAS No.111-01-3) ndi premium-grade, hydrogenated derivative ya squalene, yotsimikiziridwa ndi Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) kuonetsetsa 92% chiyero chochepa chokhala ndi zonyansa zosadziwika pansi pa malire ozindikirika. Kutengedwa kuchokera ku mafuta ongowonjezedwanso a azitona (umboni 12) kapena algal biomass yokhazikika (umboni 10), madzi opanda mtundu, osanunkhiza ndi GHS osawopsa, ovomerezeka a Ecocert/Cosmos (umboni 18), ndipo amakonzedwa kuti azigwira ntchito kwambiri pakusamalira khungu, kafukufuku wamankhwala, ndi kafukufuku wamagetsi obiriwira.
Zofunika Kwambiri
- Kuyera: ≥92% ndi GC-MS (njira zovomerezeka za ISO 17025).
- Gwero: Zochokera ku zomera (mafuta a azitona) kapena algal biomass (umboni 10, 12).
- Chitetezo: Chopanda poizoni, chosakwiyitsa, komanso chosawonongeka (umboni 4, 5).
- Kukhazikika: Kukana kwa okosijeni mpaka 250 ° C (umboni 3).
2. Mafotokozedwe Aukadaulo
2.1 GC-MS Validation Protocol
Kusanthula kwathu kwa GC-MS kumatsatira ndondomeko zolimba kuti zitsimikizire chiyero ndi kusasinthasintha:
- Instrumentation: Agilent 7890A GC pamodzi ndi 7000 Quadrupole MS/MS (umboni 15) kapena Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 SE (umboni 1).
- Ma Chromatographic Conditions:Kukonza Data: GCMSsolution Ver. 2.7 kapena pulogalamu ya ChemAnalyst (umboni 1, 16).
- Mzere: DB-23 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm filimu) (umboni 1) kapena HP-5MS (umboni 15).
- Gasi Wonyamula: Helium pa 1.45 mL / min (umboni 1).
- Pulogalamu ya Kutentha: 110 ° C → 200 ° C (10 ° C / min), ndiye 200 ° C → 250 ° C (5 ° C / min), yosungidwa kwa mphindi 5 (umboni 1, 3).
- Gwero la ion: 250 ° C, jakisoni wopanda magawo (umboni 1, 3).
Chithunzi 1: Woimira GC-MS chromatogram yosonyeza squalane (C30H62) monga nsonga yaikulu ndi nthawi yosungira ~ 18-20 min (umboni 10).
2.2 Physicochemical Properties
| Parameter | Mtengo | Buku |
|---|---|---|
| Maonekedwe | Zowoneka bwino, zamadzimadzi zowoneka bwino | |
| Kuchulukana (20°C) | 0.81–0.85 g/cm³ | |
| Pophulikira | >200°C | |
| Kusungunuka | Zosasungunuka m'madzi; kuphatikiza ndi mafuta, ethanol |
3. Mapulogalamu
3.1 Zodzoladzola & Khungu
- Moisturization: Imatsanzira sebum yaumunthu, kupanga chotchinga chopumira kuti chiteteze kutayika kwa madzi a transepidermal (umboni 12).
- Anti-Kukalamba: Kumawonjezera kusungunuka ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni kudzera mu ma antioxidants opangidwa ndi azitona (umboni 9).
- Kugwirizana Kwamapangidwe: Kukhazikika mu emulsions (pH 5-10) ndi kutentha <45 ° C (umboni 12).
Mlingo wovomerezeka: 2-10% mu seramu, zopaka, ndi zoteteza dzuwa (umboni 12).
3.2 Zothandizira Zamankhwala
- Kutumiza Mankhwala: Imagwira ntchito ngati lipid galimoto ya hydrophobic yogwira ntchito (umboni 2).
- Toxicology: Imapambana mayeso a USP Class VI biocompatibility (umboni 5).
3.3 Kafukufuku wa Biofuel
- Jet Fuel Precursor: Hydrogenated squalene (C30H50) yochokera ku algae imatha kuchepetsedwa kukhala C12-C29 hydrocarbons kuti ikhale mafuta okhazikika apandege (umboni 10, 11).
4. Chitetezo & Kutsata Malamulo
4.1 Gulu la Zowopsa
- GHS: Osatchulidwa kuti ndi owopsa (umboni 4, 5).
- Ecotoxicity: LC50> 100 mg/L (zamoyo zam'madzi), palibe bioaccumulation (umboni 4).
4.2 Kugwira & Kusunga
- Kusungirako: Sungani m'mitsuko yomata pa + 30 ° C, kutali ndi komwe mungayatseko (umboni 4).
- PPE: Magolovesi a Nitrile ndi magalasi otetezera (umboni 4).
4.3 Njira Zadzidzidzi
- Kukhudza Khungu: Sambani ndi sopo ndi madzi.
- Kuwonekera kwa Maso: Tsukani ndi madzi kwa mphindi 15.
- Kasamalidwe ka Kutayira: Yatsani ndi zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi (mwachitsanzo, mchenga) ndikutaya ngati zinyalala zosawopsa (umboni 4).
5. Chitsimikizo cha Ubwino
- Kuyesa kwa Batch: Magawo aliwonse amaphatikiza ma chromatogram a GC-MS, COA, ndi kutsatiridwa kuzinthu zopangira (umboni 1, 10).
- Zitsimikizo: ISO 9001, Ecocert, REACH, ndi FDA GRAS (umboni 18).
6. Chifukwa Chiyani Sankhani Squalane Yathu 92%?
- Kukhazikika: Kupanga mpweya wosalowerera ndale kuchokera ku zinyalala za azitona kapena algae (umboni 10, 12).
- Thandizo Laumisiri: Njira yopangira GC-MS yomwe ilipo (umboni 7, 16).
- Global Logistics: Kutumiza kopanda koopsa kwa UN (umboni 4).
