Ukuhlanzeka OkuphakemeSqualane92% ngokuhlaziywa kwe-GC-MS: Ukucaciswa Kwezobuchwepheshe, Izicelo, Nokuphepha
Igunyazwe Ngezimonyo, Ezemithi, Nocwaningo Lwe-Biofuel
1. Uhlolojikelele lomkhiqizo
Squalane92% (Inombolo ye-CAS.111-01-3) iyi-premium-grade, ephuma e-hydrogenated ngokugcwele ye-squalene, egunyazwe i-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubumsulwa obuncane obungu-92% nokungcola okulandelekayo okungaphansi kwemingcele ebonakalayo. Kuthathwe kumafutha omnqumo avuselelekayo (ubufakazi 12) noma i-algal biomass esimeme (ubufakazi 10), lolu ketshezi olungenambala, olungenaphunga alunabungozi, luqinisekisiwe i-Ecocert/Cosmos (ubufakazi 18), futhi lwenzelwe ukusetshenziswa okuphakeme ekusebenzeni kwe-skincare, ucwaningo lwezemithi, namandla aluhlaza.
Izici Eziyinhloko
- Ubumsulwa: ≥92% nge-GC-MS (izindlela ezihambisana ne-ISO 17025).
- Umthombo: Okuthathwe esitshalweni (amafutha omnqumo) noma i-algal biomass (ubufakazi 10, 12).
- Ukuphepha: Akunabo ubuthi, okungacunuli, futhi okubolayo (ubufakazi 4, 5).
- Ukuzinza: Ukumelana ne-oxidative kufika ku-250°C (ubufakazi 3).
2. Imininingwane Yezobuchwepheshe
2.1 Iphrothokholi Yokuqinisekisa ye-GC-MS
Ukuhlaziywa kwethu kwe-GC-MS kulandela izimiso eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ubumsulwa nokungaguquguquki:
- Amathuluzi: I-Agilent 7890A GC ehlanganiswe ne-7000 Quadrupole MS/MS (ubufakazi 15) noma i-Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 SE (ubufakazi 1).
- Izimo ze-Chromatographic:Ukucutshungulwa Kwedatha: GCMSsolution Ver. 2.7 noma isofthiwe ye-ChemAnalyst (ubufakazi 1, 16).
- Ikholomu: Ikholomu ye-capillary ye-DB-23 (30 m × 0.25 mm, ifilimu engu-0.25 μm) (ubufakazi 1) noma i-HP-5MS (ubufakazi 15).
- I-Carrier Gas: I-Helium ku-1.45 mL/min (ubufakazi 1).
- Uhlelo Lwezinga lokushisa: 110°C → 200°C (10°C/min), bese kuba ngu-200°C → 250°C (5°C/min), lubanjwe imizuzu emi-5 (ubufakazi 1, 3).
- Umthombo we-ion: 250°C, umjovo ongahlukaniseki (ubufakazi 1, 3).
Umfanekiso 1: I-chromatogram ye-GC-MS emele ebonisa i-squalane (C30H62) njengesiqongo esiphezulu esinesikhathi sokugcina ~18–20 min (ubufakazi 10).
2.2 Izakhiwo ze-Physicochemical
| Ipharamitha | Inani | Ireferensi |
|---|---|---|
| Ukubukeka | Uketshezi olucacile, olubonakalayo | |
| Ukuminyana (20°C) | 0.81–0.85 g/cm³ | |
| I-Flash Point | > 200°C | |
| Ukuncibilika | Ayincibiliki emanzini; kuhlanganiswe namafutha, i-ethanol |
3. Izicelo
3.1 Izimonyo nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba
- I-Moisturization: Ilinganisa i-sebum yomuntu, yenza umgoqo ophefumulayo ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi e-transepidermal (ubufakazi 12).
- I-Anti-Aging: Ithuthukisa ukunwebeka futhi inciphise ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative ngokusebenzisa ama-antioxidants atholakala emnqumeni (ubufakazi be-9).
- Ukuvumelana Kokwakheka: Izinzile kuma-emulsions (pH 5-10) namazinga okushisa <45 ° C (ubufakazi be-12).
Umthamo onconyiwe: 2-10% kuma-serum, okhilimu, nama-sunscreens (ubufakazi be-12).
3.2 Izisetshenziswa Zemithi
- Ukulethwa Kwezidakamizwa: Isebenza njengemoto ye-lipid yezithako ezisebenzayo ze-hydrophobic (ubufakazi 2).
- I-Toxicology: Iphumelela ukuhlolwa kwe-biocompatibility ye-USP Yekilasi VI (ubufakazi 5).
3.3 Ucwaningo lwe-Biofuel
- I-Jet Fuel Precursor: I-squalene ene-Hydrogenated (C30H50) evela ku-algae ingonakaliswa ngendlela ephawulekayo ibe ama-hydrocarbon e-C12–C29 ukuze uthole isibaseli sendiza esimeme (ubufakazi 10, 11).
4. Ukuthobela Ukuphepha Nokulawula
4.1 Ukuhlelwa Kwezingozi
- I-GHS: Ayihlukaniswa njengeyingozi (ubufakazi 4, 5).
- I-Ecotoxicity: LC50 >100 mg/L (izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini), akukho ukuqongelela kwezinto eziphilayo (ubufakazi 4).
4.2 Ukuphatha Nokugcina
- Isitoreji: Gcina ezitsheni ezivaliwe ngaphansi kuka-30°C, kude nemithombo yokuthungela (ubufakazi 4).
- I-PPE: Amagilavu e-Nitrile nezibuko zokuphepha (ubufakazi 4).
4.3 Izinyathelo Eziphuthumayo
- Ukuthinta Isikhumba: Geza ngensipho namanzi.
- Ukuvezwa Kwamehlo: Hlanza ngamanzi imizuzu engu-15.
- Ukulawula Ukuchitheka: Mumba ngezinto ezingasebenzi (isb, isihlabathi) futhi ulahle njengemfucuza engeyona ingozi (ubufakazi 4).
5. Ukuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi
- Ukuhlolwa kweqoqwana: Inkatho ngayinye ihlanganisa amakhromatogram e-GC-MS, i-COA, nokulandeleka emithonjeni yezinto ezingavuthiwe (ubufakazi 1, 10).
- Izitifiketi: ISO 9001, Ecocert, REACH, kanye ne-FDA GRAS (ubufakazi 18).
6. Kungani Khetha I-Squalane Yethu 92%?
- Ukusimama: Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Carbon-neutral kusuka kudoti womnqumo noma ulwelwe (ubufakazi 10, 12).
- Ukusekela Kobuchwepheshe: Ukuthuthukiswa kwendlela ye-GC-MS yangokwezifiso kuyatholakala (ubufakazi 7, 16).
- I-Global Logistics: Ukuthunyelwa kwe-UN okungeyona ingozi (ubufakazi 4).
